Zagazig
{{Distinguish|Zigzag}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Zagazig
| native_name = الزقازيق
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Zagazig, El-Hariry, Qesm Awal AZ Zagazig, Ash Sharqia Governorate, Egypt - panoramio (1).jpg
| photo2a = الزقازيق - مسلة فرعونية.jpg
| photo2b = محافظة الشرقية - الزقازيق - ساعة محطة القطارات.jpg
| photo3a = Egypt Zagazig Stadium Nov-2006.jpg
| photo3b = محافظة_الشرقية_-_الزقازيق_-_مسجد_القدس_عند_أول_طريق_المنصورة.jpg
| size = 275
| spacing = 2
| color = transparent
| border = 0
}}
| image_caption = Overview of the city of Zagazig
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| image_map =
| mapsize =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Egypt
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_relief = yes
| pushpin_mapsize =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within Egypt
| coordinates = {{coord|30|34|N|31|30|E|region:EG|display=inline}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Egypt
| subdivision_type1 = Governorate
| subdivision_type2 =
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name1 = Sharqia
| subdivision_name2 =
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| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 1830
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| area_magnitude =
| area_total_km2 = 14.0
| area_land_km2 =
| elevation_m = 16
| elevation_ft =
| population_total = 430,445
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
| population_metro =
| population_density_metro_km2 = auto
| population_density_metro_sq_mi = auto
| population_blank1_title = Ethnicities
| population_blank1 =
| population_density_blank1_km2 = auto
| population_density_blank1_sq_mi = auto
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| area_code = +(20) 55
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| timezone = EGY
| utc_offset = +2
| timezone_DST = EEST
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| blank_name =
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Zagazig ({{langx|ar|الزقازيق|az-Zaqāzīq}}, {{IPA|arz|ez.zæʔæˈziːʔ|link=yes}}, {{IPA|arz|ez.zæɡæˈziːɡ|local}}) is a city in Egypt. Situated in the eastern part of the Nile delta, it is the capital of the governorate of Sharqia.
It is located on the Muweis Canal and is a hub of the corn and cotton trade. There is a museum, the Museum of Tal Basta Antiquities, that contains many important archaeological exhibits.
Zagazig University, one of the largest universities in Egypt, is also located in the city, with colleges in different fields of science and arts. The Archaeological Museum of the University of Zagazig exhibits significant finds from the nearby sites, Bubastis (Tell Basta) and Kufur Nigm.Catalogue: M. I. Bakr, H. Brandl, F. Kalloniatis (eds.): Egyptian Antiquities from Kufur Nigm and Bubastis. ʾĀṯār misrīya (Museums in the Nile Delta. Vol. 1). Opaion, Cairo/ Berlin 2010, {{ISBN|978-3-00-033509-9}}.
Zagazig is the birthplace of famous Coptic Egyptian journalist, philosopher and social critic, Salama Moussa, and famous Egyptian songwriter Morsi Gameel Aziz.
The most notable streets in Zagazig are Farouk Street, Government Street, Abu Hamad and El Kawmia Street.
History
The city was founded in the 19th century on the site of a village called Nazlat az-Zaqāzīq which was named after the Zaqzuq family.{{Cite book|last=رمزي|first=محمد|title=القاموس الجغرافي للبلاد المصرية|pages=89–92}} The family's name itself comes from a dialectal word zaqzuq or ziqziq which means "a small creature" (e.g. a fish or a mouse){{Cite book|last=Behnstedt, Peter & Woidich, Manfred|title=Die ägyptisch-arabischen Dialekte. Band 4: Glossar Arabisch-Deutsch|year=1994|location=Wiesbaden|pages=188}} and comes from a Coptic word ϫⲉⲕϫⲓⲕ "ant or other insect".{{Cite web|title=Coptic Dictionary Online|url=https://coptic-dictionary.org/entry.cgi?tla=C7144|access-date=11 June 2020|website=coptic-dictionary.org}}{{Cite book|last=Sobhy|first=Georgy|title=Common words in the spoken Arabic of Egypt, of Greek or Coptic origin|year=1950}}
The ruins of the ancient Egyptian city of Bubastis are located {{convert|3|km}} southeast of town. Bubastis was the ancient capital of the 18th nome, and is home to the feast celebrating the cat goddess Bastet.
Bubastis is the Greek version of the Egyptian language name Pr-Bastet "House [Temple] of Bastet". Bubastis became the capital of Egypt in the 22nd and 23rd Dynasties. There are remains of the temples built by Osorkon II and Nectanebo II. Catacombs where the sacred cats were buried are located behind the remains of an Old Kingdom chapel from the period of Pepi I Meryre.
Geography
=Climate=
Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as hot desert (BWh), as the rest of Egypt.
{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Zagazig
|Jan high C = 20.0
|Feb high C = 21.1
|Mar high C = 23.9
|Apr high C = 27.8
|May high C = 32.2
|Jun high C = 33.9
|Jul high C = 35.0
|Aug high C = 33.9
|Sep high C = 32.2
|Oct high C = 30.0
|Nov high C = 26.1
|Dec high C = 22.2
| year high C =
|Jan mean C = 12.2
|Feb mean C = 12.3
|Mar mean C = 15.0
|Apr mean C = 18.9
|May mean C = 22.2
|Jun mean C = 26.1
|Jul mean C = 27.2
|Aug mean C = 27.2
|Sep mean C = 23.9
|Oct mean C = 22.2
|Nov mean C = 17.8
|Dec mean C = 15.0
| year mean C =
|Jan low C = 5.8
|Feb low C = 6.5
|Mar low C = 8.5
|Apr low C = 11.4
|May low C = 15.1
|Jun low C = 17.8
|Jul low C = 19.6
|Aug low C = 19.7
|Sep low C = 17.9
|Oct low C = 16.0
|Nov low C = 12.8
|Dec low C = 8.1
| year low C =
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 9
|Feb rain mm = 10
|Mar rain mm = 6
|Apr rain mm = 2
|May rain mm = 2
|Jun rain mm = 0
|Jul rain mm = 0
|Aug rain mm = 0
|Sep rain mm = 0
|Oct rain mm = 2
|Nov rain mm = 4
|Dec rain mm = 10
|year rain mm =
| Jan humidity = 83
| Feb humidity = 79
| Mar humidity = 75
| Apr humidity = 67
| May humidity = 60
| Jun humidity = 62
| Jul humidity = 68
| Aug humidity = 73
| Sep humidity = 78
| Oct humidity = 80
| Nov humidity = 82
| Dec humidity = 83
| year humidity =
|source 1 = Arab Meteorology Book{{cite web
| url = http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf
| title = Appendix I: Meteorological Data
| publisher = Springer
| access-date = 14 October 2024
| archive-date = March 4, 2016
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072830/http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf
| url-status = dead
}}
|date=14 October 2024
}}
Notable people
- The Abaza family, the largest family in Sharqia and Egypt's largest Circassian community.{{cite web|url=http://www.albawabhnews.com/482311#.UzL6117RRaw.facebook|title=عائلات تحكم مصر.. 1 ـ '' عائلة الباشوات|website=Albawabhnews.com|date=26 March 2014|access-date=15 October 2017}}{{Cite web |url=http://daharchives.alhayat.com/issue_archive/Hayat%20INT/1998/9/28/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B7-%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%94%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81-%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9.html |title=عرب أم شركس أم خليط منهما ؟. عائلات الأباظية في مصر تتكيف نموذجياً مع المتغيرات الاجتماعية والتقلبات السياسية |access-date=6 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227192411/http://daharchives.alhayat.com/issue_archive/Hayat%20INT/1998/9/28/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85-%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B7-%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%94%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81-%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9.html |archive-date=27 December 2016 |url-status=dead }}
- Abdelhalim Hafez, Egyptian singer and actor
- Ahmed Urabi, colonel who led the revolt against the British in 1882
- Carmen Suleiman, singer
- Mohamed Morsi, the fifth president of Egypt
- Salama Moussa, Coptic Egyptian journalist, philosopher and social critic
- Ahmed Zaki, actor
- John Traicos, international cricketer of Greek origin
- Rushdy Abaza, actor
- Fekry Pasha Abaza, journalist and political activist
- Mohamed Abdelmonem, football Player
See also
{{portal|Egypt}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
- [http://lexicorient.com/egypt/zagazig.htm LookLex: Egypt: Zagazig]
- {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Zagazig}}
{{Coord|30|34|N|31|30|E|region:EG_type:city|display=title}}
{{Governorates capital of Egypt}}
{{Egyptian Cities}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Governorate capitals in Egypt