Zaghouan

{{See also|Diocese of Ziqua}}

The etymology of "Zaghouan" is thought to derive from the Andalusian Arabic إِسْطِوَان (istawán), which in turn comes from the Arabic أُسْطُوَانَة (usṭuwān[ah]) meaning "pillar." This origin is linked to the settlement of Andalusian Moors in the area at the beginning of the 17th century. In Spanish, the term "zaguán" refers to a hallway or vestibule, typically serving as a transitional space between the exterior and interior of a building.

Zagwan is the presumed site of the Ancient city of Zica (or Ziqva).{{cite book |last1=Bowman |first1=Alan |last2=Wilson |first2=Andrew |title=The Roman Agricultural Economy: Organization, Investment, and Production |date=30 May 2013 |publisher=OUP Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-966572-3 |page=145 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DXUfSSePhFgC |access-date=22 April 2024 |language=en}} The city was among the many of sufficient importance in the Roman province of Africa Proconsularis to become a suffragan diocese of the Metropolitan of Carthage, in the papal sway, yet was to fade completely, probably at the seventh century advent of Islam.

Its historically documented bishops were :

• ''Donatist schismatic Donatus attended the Council of Carthage in 411, where his heresy was condemned as such by the Catholic bishops, among whom Zica had no counterpart
• Vincentius intervened at the Council of Carthage in 484 called by king Huneric of the Vandal Kingdom, and was afterwards exiled like most Catholic bishops.

{{Weather box

|location = Zaghouan (1991–2020, extremes 1953–2017)

|metric first = yes

|single line = yes

|Jan record high C = 27.5

|Feb record high C = 31.5

|Mar record high C = 35.6

|Apr record high C = 39.9

|May record high C = 43.3

|Jun record high C = 47.6

|Jul record high C = 48.0

|Aug record high C = 46.5

|Sep record high C = 42.8

|Oct record high C = 41.0

|Nov record high C = 30.5

|Dec record high C = 31.5

|year record high C = 48.0

|Jan high C = 15.8

|Feb high C = 16.3

|Mar high C = 19.2

|Apr high C = 22.3

|May high C = 27.3

|Jun high C = 32.5

|Jul high C = 35.7

|Aug high C = 36.0

|Sep high C = 31.0

|Oct high C = 26.6

|Nov high C = 21.0

|Dec high C = 16.9

|year high C = 25.1

|Jan mean C = 10.8

|Feb mean C = 10.9

|Mar mean C = 13.2

|Apr mean C = 16.0

|May mean C = 20.2

|Jun mean C = 24.7

|Jul mean C = 27.6

|Aug mean C = 28.2

|Sep mean C = 24.7

|Oct mean C = 20.7

|Nov mean C = 15.7

|Dec mean C = 11.9

|year mean C = 18.7

|Jan low C = 5.7

|Feb low C = 5.5

|Mar low C = 7.3

|Apr low C = 9.7

|May low C = 13.1

|Jun low C = 16.8

|Jul low C = 19.5

|Aug low C = 20.4

|Sep low C = 18.4

|Oct low C = 14.9

|Nov low C = 10.4

|Dec low C = 7.0

|year low C = 12.4

|Jan record low C = -3.0

|Feb record low C = -2.0

|Mar record low C = -2.2

|Apr record low C = 0.4

|May record low C = 3.0

|Jun record low C = 6.5

|Jul record low C = 9.5

|Aug record low C = 10.4

|Sep record low C = 7.3

|Oct record low C = 5.0

|Nov record low C = 0.1

|Dec record low C = -3.0

|year record low C =

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 64.5

|Feb precipitation mm = 42.6

|Mar precipitation mm = 45.5

|Apr precipitation mm = 45.0

|May precipitation mm = 27.7

|Jun precipitation mm = 10.3

|Jul precipitation mm = 4.5

|Aug precipitation mm = 19.2

|Sep precipitation mm = 49.2

|Oct precipitation mm = 48.3

|Nov precipitation mm = 43.5

|Dec precipitation mm = 59.4

|year precipitation mm = 459.5

|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 6.6

|Feb precipitation days = 6.4

|Mar precipitation days = 5.6

|Apr precipitation days = 5.6

|May precipitation days = 3.7

|Jun precipitation days = 1.6

|Jul precipitation days = 0.5

|Aug precipitation days = 2.1

|Sep precipitation days = 5.4

|Oct precipitation days = 4.8

|Nov precipitation days = 5.3

|Dec precipitation days = 6.8

|year precipitation days = 54.4

|Jan humidity = 75.0

|Feb humidity = 75.0

|Mar humidity = 71.8

|Apr humidity = 66.9

|May humidity = 62.9

|Jun humidity = 56.4

|Jul humidity = 50.8

|Aug humidity = 53.4

|Sep humidity = 62.8

|Oct humidity = 67.6

|Nov humidity = 70.8

|Dec humidity = 72.7

|year humidity =

|Jan sun = 154.6

|Feb sun = 164.1

|Mar sun = 211.3

|Apr sun = 230.6

|May sun = 279.0

|Jun sun = 306.7

|Jul sun = 345.2

|Aug sun = 322.4

|Sep sun = 240.1

|Oct sun = 211.1

|Nov sun = 168.7

|Dec sun = 147.2

|year sun =

|source 1 = Institut National de la Météorologie (humidity 1961-1990, sun 1981–2010){{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191219211209/http://data.transport.tn/dataset/9e1ed3a1-69f5-4ef9-a05e-daa8126fdb7c/resource/acf0d32e-92b3-4247-9281-1b3a1587d23f/download/normales_1981_2010.txt

| archive-date = 19 December 2019

| url = http://data.transport.tn/dataset/9e1ed3a1-69f5-4ef9-a05e-daa8126fdb7c/resource/acf0d32e-92b3-4247-9281-1b3a1587d23f

| title = Les normales climatiques en Tunisie entre 1981 2010

| publisher = Ministère du Transport

| language = fr

| access-date = 26 December 2019}}{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191221032155/http://data.transport.tn/dataset/c8d4b465-056c-41e2-a666-05160d19784e/resource/3d38ac83-8a3c-4207-b327-9684131292b3/download/normales_1961_1990.txt

| archive-date = 21 December 2019

| url = http://data.transport.tn/dataset/normales-climatiques-en-tunisie-entre-1961-1990/resource/3d38ac83-8a3c-4207-b327-9684131292b3

| title = Données normales climatiques 1961-1990

| publisher = Ministère du Transport

| language = fr

| access-date = 26 December 2019}}{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191221032448/http://data.transport.tn/dataset/b19bf5d3-5f47-43a3-befc-80a4f4f1d267/resource/0f4ff280-9f86-4e4f-bc18-29df886c2a30/download/extremes.txt

| archive-date = 21 December 2019

| url = http://data.transport.tn/dataset/extremes-climatiques-en-tunisie/resource/0f4ff280-9f86-4e4f-bc18-29df886c2a30

| title = Les extrêmes climatiques en Tunisie

| publisher = Ministère du Transport

| language = fr

| access-date = 26 December 2019}}{{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191221032448/https://www.meteo.tn/index.php/donnees-climatiques | archive-date = 21 December 2019 | url = https://www.meteo.tn/index.php/donnees-climatiques | title = Période ensoleillée 1981-2010 climatiques en Tunisie | publisher = Ministère du Transport | language = fr | access-date = 26 December 2019}}{{refn|group=note|name=Station ID|The Station ID for Zaghounan is 12929111.{{cite web |url=http://data.transport.tn/dataset/reseau-des-stations-meteorologiques-synoptiques/resource/9d68c101-4789-4e6a-bdff-8952d727c0c1 |title=Réseau des stations météorologiques synoptiques de la Tunisie |publisher=Ministère du Transport |language=fr |access-date=26 December 2019}}}}

|source 2 =NOAA

{{cite web

| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Tunisia/CSV/ZaghouanMogran_60729.csv

| title = Climate Normals 1991-2020

| website = NOAA.gov

| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

| access-date = 18 September 2018}}

}}

File:Zaghouan 1900.jpg|Postcard of Zaghouan in 1900

Image:TUNISIE ZAGHOUAN 01.JPG|Zaghouan in Tunisia

Image:Tunisie_Parc_de_Djebel_Zaghouan.jpg|Tunisie Parc on Djebel Zaghouan

• List of Catholic dioceses in Tunisia

{{reflist|group=note}}

{{reflist}}

• [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/former/t2015.htm GCatholic - (former &) titular see of Zica]

; Bibliography - Zica bishopric

• J. Mesnage, L'Afrique chrétienne, Paris 1912, pp. 237–238

{{commons category|Zaghouan}}

{{Communes of Tunisia}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Populated places in Zaghouan Governorate

Category:Communes of Tunisia

Category:Roman towns and cities in Africa (Roman province)

{{Tunisia-geo-stub}}