Zanthoxylum pinnatum
{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Speciesbox
|name = Yellow wood
|image = Zanthoxylum pinnatum Lord Howe Island.JPG
|status =
|status_system =
|status_ref =
|genus = Zanthoxylum
|species = pinnatum
|authority = (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) W.R.B.Oliv.{{cite web|title=Zanthoxylum pinnatum|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/81656|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=18 August 2020}}
| synonyms = {{collapsible list |
- Blackburnia pinnata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Fagara pinnata (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Engl.
- Ptelea pinnata (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) L.f.
- Samara blackburnia Spreng. nom. illeg.
- Xanthoxylon blackburnia C.Moore orth. var.
- Xanthoxylon howeanum F.Muell. orth. var.
- Xanthoxylum blackburnia F.Muell. orth. var.
- Zanthoxylum blackburnia Benth. nom. illeg.
- Zanthoxylum howeanum F.Muell. nom. inval., nom. nud.
- Zanthoxylum pinnata (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) W.R.B.Oliv. orth. var.
}}
}}
Zanthoxylum pinnatum, commonly known as yellow wood,{{NSW Flora Online|genus=Zanthoxylum |species=pinnatum}} is a species of flowering plant of the family Rutaceae native to Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. It is a tree with pinnate leaves, white male and female flowers arranged in groups in leaf axils, and spherical, purple follicles containing a single black seed.
Description
Zanthoxylum pinnatum is a tree that typically grows to a height of {{cvt|10|m}}. Its leaves are pinnate, usually with four to nine oblong to egg-shaped, slightly curved leaflets, mostly {{cvt|50–80|mm}} long and {{cvt|30–45|mm}} wide. The flowers are arranged in small to large groups in leaf axils with separate male and female flowers, the four sepals egg-shaped and {{cvt|0.5–1|mm}} long, the four or five petals white, lance-shaped and {{cvt|2.5–3|mm}} long. Flowering occurs from February to March and the fruit is a spherical, purple follicle about {{cvt|8|mm}} long containing a single black seed.{{cite book |last1=Hartley |first1=Thomas G. |editor=Annette J.G. Wilson |title=Flora of Australia (Volume 26) |date=2013 |publisher=Australian Biological Resources Study |location=Canberra |page=252 |url= https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Zanthoxylum%20pinnatum|access-date=19 August 2020}}
Taxonomy
Yellow wood was first formally described in 1775 by Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster who gave it the name Blackburnia pinnata in their book Characteres Generum Plantarum.{{cite web|title=Blackburnia pinnata|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/458178|publisher=APNI|access-date=19 August 2020}}{{cite book |last1=Forster |first1=Johann R. |last2=Forster |first2=Georg |title=Characteres Generum Plantarum |date=1775 |publisher=Prostant apud B. White, T. Cadell, & P. Elmsly,1776 |location=London |pages=11–12 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/23365#page/28/mode/1up |access-date=19 August 2020}} In 1917, Walter Oliver changed the name to Zanthoxylum pinnatum in Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute.{{cite journal |last1=Oliver |first1=Walter |title=The vegetation and flora of Lord Howe Island. |journal=Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute |date=1917 |volume=49 |page=140 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/22797#page/178/mode/1up |access-date=19 August 2020}}