Zarnaq
{{Short description|City in East Azerbaijan province, Iran}}
{{for multi|the village in Khoda Afarin County|Zarnaq, Khoda Afarin{{!}}Zarnaq|the village in Tabriz County|Zarnaq, Tabriz{{!}}Zarnaq}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Zarnaq
|native_name = {{langx|fa|زرنق}}
|settlement_type = City
|image_skyline = طبیعت_شهر_زرنق.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|pushpin_map = Iran
|mapsize =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = Iran
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 = East Azerbaijan
|subdivision_type2 = County
|subdivision_name2 = Heris
|subdivision_type3 = District
|subdivision_name3 = Central
|subdivision_type4 =
|subdivision_name4 =
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|established_title =
|established_date =
|area_total_km2 =
|area_footnotes =
|population_as_of = 2016
|population_total = 5343
|population_density_km2 = auto
|timezone = IRST
|utc_offset = +3:30
|coordinates = {{coord|38|05|27|N|47|04|59|E|dim:1km|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_footnotes = {{Cite map |author=((OpenStreetMap contributors)) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=38.090833&mlon=47.083056&zoom=15#map=15/38.09083/47.08306|website=OpenStreetMap |title=Zarnaq, Heris County|date=17 March 2025|access-date=17 March 2025|lang=fa}}
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}}
Zarnaq ({{langx|fa|زرنق}}){{efn|Also known as Zaraq, Zarnā, and Zerna{{GEOnet3|-3089167}}}} is a city in the Central District of Heris County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran.
History
Sixty-five-hundred-year-old settlements and ancient objects have been discovered in the ancient hill of Duzde Baghir Zaranq.{{Cite web|url=https://irantourismonline.com/detail.aspx?id=3164|title=تپه باستانی دوزده باغیر | عکس + آدرس + تلفن + موقعیت جغرافیایی|website=irantourismonline.com}}
This city was ruined before the migration of Turks to Azerbaijan, and around the 12th century, a population of Kipchak Turks settled in its outskirts, who are considered the ancestors of the current residents of this city.همدانی، رشیدالدین فضلالله بن ابیالخیر بن عالی، وقفنامه ربع رشیدی، ترجمهٔ به کوشش مجتبی مینوی و ایرج افشار، تهران: سلسله انتشارات انجمن آثار ملی شماره ۱۳۹
According to the oral tradition of the people, the ancestor of the old clans of the city was a Kipchak nobleman named Qarabey who moved there from Cumania. His name is still on a grassland near the city. This city consists of several clans of the Shahsevans who settled there during the Safavid era and the Kipchak Turks (Qarabey's descendants) who lived there much earlier. This is why each clan has its own accent and some words are pronounced differently among each clan, which shows the difference between the Oghuz and Kipchak Turkic. These clans did not have close relationships such as marriage with each other until the late half of the 20th century, but over time, these boundaries disappeared and now younger people may not even know the name of the clan they belong to.Musa Herisinezhad, History Of Heris, 2005
This city has long been one of the Heriz rug producers and many of its people were and still are carpet weavers or carpet traders. The tradition of Ashik music is also popular among them.Musa Herisinezhad, History Of Heris, 2005
Demographics
=Language and ethnicity=
The city's inhabitants are from Kipchak and Oghuz Turks and speak Azerbaijani Turkic.{{cn|date=February 2023}}
=Population=
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 4,766 in 1,132 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): East Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/03.xls|access-date=25 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920092432/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/03.xls|format=Excel|archive-date=20 September 2011}} The following census in 2011 counted 5,713 people in 1,548 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): East Azerbaijan Province|website=irandataportal.syr.edu|via=Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/East-Azerbaijan.xls|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116202318/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/East-Azerbaijan.xls|archive-date=16 January 2023|access-date=19 December 2022|format=Excel}} The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 5,343 people in 1,649 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): East Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx|access-date=19 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113123618/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx|format=Excel|archive-date=13 November 2020}}
Notable residents
Mohammad Feyz Sarabi, former cleric and politician
Mirza Ahmed Bey, known by his pen name Nourani, 19th century nobleman, poet, physician, mystic and an ancestor of the Nourani family.Musa Herisinezhad, History Of Heris, 2005
Seyyid Qasim, a holy spiritual figure in the region, descendant of the Prophet of Islam, and mystic (not originally from Zarnaq, but he had long stays there). Also a friend of Mirza Ahmed Bey.
See also
{{Portal-inline|Iran}}
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Notes
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References
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{{Authority control}}
{{East Azerbaijan Province|state=collapsed}}
{{Heris County|state=collapsed}}