Zephyranthes subg. Habranthus
{{Short description|Subgenus of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Habranthus tubispathus- Soriano, Palmar, Suelo rocoso entre gramíneas al margen del Lago 23.jpg
|image_caption = Zephyranthes tubispatha flowers
|taxon = Zephyranthes subg. Habranthus
|authority = (Herb.) Nic.García
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See here
|synonyms = Habranthus Herb.
|type_species = Zephyranthes gracilifolia (Herb.) G.Nicholson
|range_map =
|range_map_caption =
}}
Zephyranthes subg. Habranthus is a subgenus within the genus Zephyranthes in the family Amaryllidaceae. It was a formerly recognized as a separate genus of tender herbaceous flowering bulbs in the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the family Amaryllidaceae.{{Cite web |last=Stevens |first=P.F. |title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae |url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/asparagalesweb.htm#AllAma }} It is now included within a more broadly circumscribed genus Zephyranthes. The genus was first identified by pioneering bulb enthusiast William Herbert in 1824.
Description
=Vegetative characteristics=
=Generative characteristics=
Taxonomy
It was first published as Habranthus {{au|Herb.}} by William Herbert in 1824Curtis, William, Hooker, Joseph Dalton, Hooker, William Jackson, Prain, D., Stapf, O., Bentham-Moxon Trust., Bentham-Moxon Trust., Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew., Royal Horticultural Society (Great Britain), Stanley Smith Horticultural Trust, & Stanley Smith Horticultural Trust. (1801). Curtis’s botanical magazine (Vol. 51). Academic Press [etc.]. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/488148Habranthus Herb. (n.d.). International Plant Names Index. Retrieved February 27, 2025, from https://www.ipni.org/n/1481-1 with Habranthus gracilifolius {{au|Herb.}} as the type species.Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-w). Habranthus Herb. Tropicos. Retrieved February 27, 2025, from https://www.tropicos.org/name/40019693 Habranthus was formerly regarded separate from Zephyranthes; distinctive features included holding its flowers at an angle rather than upright, and possessing unequal stamens. It was merged into the genus Zephyranthes {{au|Herb.}} as Zephyranthes subg. Habranthus {{au|(Herb.) Nic. García}} published by Nicolás García Berguecio in 2019.Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-an). Zephyranthes subg. Habranthus (Herb.) Nic. García. Tropicos. Retrieved February 27, 2025, from https://www.tropicos.org/name/100496090Zephyranthes subgen. Habranthus (Herb.) Nic.García. (n.d.). International Plant Names Index. Retrieved February 27, 2025, from https://www.ipni.org/n/77203260-1 At one stage, Habranthus was considered a subgenus of the closely related Hippeastrum.{{cite book|last=Baker|author-link=John Gilbert Baker|first=John Gilbert|title=Handbook of the Amaryllideæ including the Alstrœmerieæ and Agaveæ|date=1888|publisher=Bell|location=London|page=41|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/52710#page/59/mode/1up|access-date=31 March 2014|chapter=Hippeastrum}} It was later treated as a full genus in the tribe Hippeastreae. However, molecular phylogenetic studies from 2000 onwards showed that although Hippeastreae was monophyletic, many of the genera placed in the tribe were not; in particular, Habranthus, Zephyranthes and Sprekelia formed a complex in which traditionally placed species were intermingled. Accordingly, in 2019, a broad circumscription of Zephyranthes was proposed, including the former genus Habranthus.{{Cite journal |last1=García |first1=Nicolás |last2=Meerow |first2=Alan W. |last3=Arroyo-Leuenberger |first3=Silvia |last4=Oliveira |first4=Renata S. |last5=Dutilh |first5=Julie H. |last6=Soltis |first6=Pamela S. |last7=Judd |first7=Walter S. |date=2019 |title=Generic classification of Amaryllidaceae tribe Hippeastreae |journal=Taxon |volume=68 |issue=3 |pages=481–498 |doi=10.1002/tax.12062 |s2cid=202854432 |name-list-style=amp }} This proposal has been accepted by Plants of the World Online,{{cite POWO |title=Zephyranthes Herb. |id=330336-2 |access-date=2021-12-29 }} among other taxonomic databases.
Cultivation
In the United States, species formerly placed in Habranthus, like other rain lilies, are regarded as "heirloom plants", although not widely used in mainstream landscapes, perhaps because their bloom time, dependent on rain, is erratic. Nevertheless, the bulbs are rugged and easy to grow in USDA Hardiness Zones 8-10 and are recognized among bulb specialists as possessing distinct landscape value in appropriate areas of the world.{{Cite book | last=Ogden |first= Scott |title=Garden Bulbs for the South |location= Dallas, TX |publisher= Taylor Publishing Co. |date= 1994 | pages= 5–27}} In colder regions they may be grown in sheltered sites, or in pots kept frost-free in winter.{{Cite book |last=Mathew |first=Brian |year=1987 |title=The Smaller Bulbs |location=London |publisher=B.T. Batsford |isbn=978-0-7134-4922-8 }}, p. 101
The most commonly grown species are the pink-flowered Zephyranthes robusta (formerly Habranthus robustus) and the yellow-flowered Zephyranthes tubispatha (formerly Habranthus tubispathus).
File:Habranthus robustus (1).jpg|Zephyranthes robusta (syn. H. robustus)
File:H tubispathus 07.jpg|Zephyranthes tubispatha (syn. H. tubispathus), Denton, Texas
See also
References
{{Reflist|3}}
- Howard, Thad M. Bulbs for Warm Climates. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2001, pp 77–82.
External links
{{Commons}}
{{Wikispecies}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070522045614/http://www.bulbsociety.org/GALLERY_OF_THE_WORLDS_BULBS/GRAPHICS/Habranthus/Habranthuslist.shtml] International Bulb Society's gallery of photographs
- [http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Habranthus] Pacific Bulb Society's gallery of photographs
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