Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico

The community is within the Zuni Indian Reservation or Pueblo of Zuni in southwestern McKinley County, {{convert|37|mi}} south of Gallup, the county seat, and {{convert|11|mi}} east of the Arizona border. It is bordered to the east by the smaller community of Black Rock. New Mexico State Road 53 passes through Zuni Pueblo and Black Rock, leading east {{convert|21|mi}} to Ramah and southwest (along with Arizona State Route 61) {{convert|25|mi}} to U.S. Route 191.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Zuni Pueblo CDP has a total area of {{convert|12.6|sqmi|km2}}, all land. The Zuni River passes through the community, running southwest to join the Little Colorado River near Hunt, Arizona.

A significant landmark of Zuni Pueblo is the Dowa Yalanne, a mesa covering approximately {{convert|320|acre|ha}} rising just outside of the community to the southeast.{{Cite web |title=Dowa Yalanne, or Corn Mountain – New Mexico History |url=https://newmexicohistory.org/2013/11/15/dowa-yalanne-or-corn-mountain/ |access-date=2023-10-30 |language=en-US}}

{{Weather box

| single line = Y

| location = Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico (1991–2020)

| Jan high F =48.3

| Feb high F =53.0

| Mar high F =60.9

| Apr high F =68.0

| May high F =77.0

| Jun high F =88.0

| Jul high F =90.3

| Aug high F =87.7

| Sep high F =82.3

| Oct high F =71.0

| Nov high F =58.7

| Dec high F =48.6

| Jan mean F =32.7

| Feb mean F =36.4

| Mar mean F =42.5

| Apr mean F =48.3

| May mean F =56.7

| Jun mean F =66.4

| Jul mean F =72.1

| Aug mean F =70.4

| Sep mean F =63.8

| Oct mean F =52.2

| Nov mean F =41.0

| Dec mean F =32.5

| Jan low F =17.0

| Feb low F =19.9

| Mar low F =24.2

| Apr low F =28.6

| May low F =36.5

| Jun low F =44.7

| Jul low F =54.0

| Aug low F =53.1

| Sep low F =45.3

| Oct low F =33.3

| Nov low F =23.3

| Dec low F =16.4

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation inch =0.91

| Feb precipitation inch =0.81

| Mar precipitation inch =0.77

| Apr precipitation inch =0.52

| May precipitation inch =0.68

| Jun precipitation inch =0.37

| Jul precipitation inch =1.72

| Aug precipitation inch =2.03

| Sep precipitation inch =0.79

| Oct precipitation inch =0.99

| Nov precipitation inch =0.66

| Dec precipitation inch =0.92

| Jan snow inch =2.8

| Feb snow inch =1.7

| Mar snow inch =0.9

| Apr snow inch =0.3

| May snow inch =0.1

| Jun snow inch =0.0

| Jul snow inch =0.0

| Aug snow inch =0.0

| Sep snow inch =0.0

| Oct snow inch =0.1

| Nov snow inch =0.7

| Dec snow inch =3.4

| source = NOAA{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/us-climate-normals/#dataset=normals-monthly&timeframe=30&station=USW00093044 |title=NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access |publisher=NOAA |access-date=2025-04-02 }}

}}

{{US Census population

|align=left

|1950= 2563

|1960= 3585

|1970= 3958

|1980= 5551

|1990= 5857

|2000= 6367

|2010= 6302

|2020= 6176

|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade/decennial-publications.html |title=Decennial Census Official Publications |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=December 19, 2024}}

}}

As of the census{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }} of 2000, there were 6,367 people, 1,488 households, and 1,334 families residing in the CDP. The population density was {{convert|720.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,622 housing units at an average density of {{convert|183.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.03% Native American, 2.12% White, 2.01% Hispanic or Latino, 0.03% African American, 0.03% Asian, 0.30% from other races, and 0.49% from two or more races.

There were 1,488 households, out of which 42.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.1% were married couples living together, 31.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 10.3% were non-families. 9.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 1.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.26 and the average family size was 4.54.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 34.7% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 32.3% from 25 to 44, 16.8% from 45 to 64, and 6.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $22,559, and the median income for a family was $22,067. Males had a median income of $18,345 versus $18,635 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $6,908. About 40.0% of families and 43.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 49.7% of those under age 18 and 41.7% of those age 65 or over.

File:All Tribes Trading Post, Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico.jpg

The Zuni Public Library opened in 1975."[http://www.ashiwi.org/library/Zuni%20Public%20Library.html Zuni Public Library]." Pueblo of Zuni. Retrieved on April 22, 2009.

According to Zuni Pueblo's website, "many of Zuni Pueblo's events are open to the public", and "religious dances and activities" occur in the Middle Village area.{{Cite web |title=Visitor Info {{!}} Zuni Pueblo MainStreet |url=https://zunipueblomainstreet.org/visiting_zuni/ |access-date=2023-10-30 |website=zunipueblomainstreet.org}}

Zuni Pueblo is described as an "artist colony", with the main industry being stone fetish carving, inlay silverwork, pottery, and other artwork.{{Cite web |title=Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, New Mexico {{!}} Native American Advancement, Initiatives, and Research |url=https://naair.arizona.edu/pueblo-zuni |access-date=2023-10-30 |website=naair.arizona.edu}}

It is on the Trails of the Ancients Byway, one of the designated New Mexico Scenic Byways.[http://www.newmexico.org/ancient-trail-sb/ Trail of the Ancients.] New Mexico Tourism Department. Retrieved August 14, 2014.

Zuni Public Schools, established in 1980, operates schools serving the community. Prior to 1980 it was in the Gallup-McKinley County Schools.{{cite news|last=Ragland|first=Ruth Ann|title=Zuni school officials to celebrate creation of state's newest district|agency=Associated Press|newspaper=The Santa Fe New Mexican|place=Santa Fe, New Mexico|date=1980-06-30|page=B-2}} - [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/92374577/for-zuni-high-school/ Clipping from] Newspapers.com. Zuni High School is the zoned high school.

St. Anthony School, Zuni (K-8), of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gallup, is in Zuni Pueblo. The school began operations on September 3, 1923. The Sisters of Saint Francis of Perpetual Adoration operated the school. Its initial enrollment was 43.{{cite web|url=https://stanthonyzuni.org/about-us/|title=About Us|publisher=St. Anthony School, Zuni|accessdate=2022-01-13}}

Tribally-run A:shiwi Transit connects Zuni Pueblo and Black Rock with Gallup.

File:ZuniPueblo1850.jpg|Zuni 1850 illustration

File:First terrace of Zuni, New Mexico, showing ladders and utensils, 1879 - NARA - 542442.tif|First terrace of Zuni in 1879

File:ZuniPueblo.jpg|Zuni Pueblo, 1873, by Timothy H. O'Sullivan

File:Milwaukee Public Museum April 2023 030 (Land of Sun- The Southwest--Village Life, Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico).jpg|Village Life, Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico

The first contact with Spaniards occurred in 1539 in the ancient village of Hawikku when Esteban, an Arab/Berber of Moroccan origin, entered Zuni territory seeking the fabled "Seven Cities of Cibola" and when Marco da Nizza, an Italian franciscan, reached Zuni Pueblo and called it Cibola.{{Cite book|title = A Zuni Atlas|last = Ferguson's|first = T.J.|publisher = University of Oklahoma Press|year = 1985|location = Norman, OK}}

{{infobox NRHP

| name = Halona Pueblo

| nrhp_type =

| image =

| caption =

| nearest_city= Gallup, New Mexico

| coordinates = {{coord|35|04|04|N|108|49|37|W|source:NOTNRIS2013a|display=inline}}

|locmapin=New Mexico

| built = 1539

| added = February 10, 1975

| area = {{convert|1500|acre|km2}}

| refnum = 75002066{{NRISref|version=2013a}}

}}

The Halona Pueblo, also known as Zuni Pueblo, is located 36 miles south of Gallup, New Mexico on NM 32 & NM 53. The pueblo dates from before 1539, which was when Europeans first visited New Mexico. It was one of the original six pueblos of the Zuni people. The Fray Marcos de Niza expedition, led by Estevan the Moor, arrived to the area in 1539; most of its party were killed by the Zunis. Coronado's expedition a year later was disappointed not to find great wealth. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

The Old Zuni Mission, or Nuestra Senora de la Candelaria (Our Lady of the Light), on Old Mission Dr. at {{coord|35.067782|N|108.849641|W|name=Old Zuni Mission}} is the building depicted in one photo with NRHP nomination.

Hawikuh Ruins is a National Historic Landmark 12 miles away.

Zuni-Cibola Complex, a National Historic Landmark District, was proposed as a National Park.{{cite web|url={{NRHP url|id=75002066}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Zuni Pueblo / Halona Pueblo |publisher=National Park Service|author=Michael McCachren |date=November 20, 1974 |accessdate=July 1, 2019}} With {{NRHP url|id=75002066|photos=y|title=accompanying photo from 1973}}

{{portal|New Mexico}}

• List of census-designated places in New Mexico
• Zuni Indian Reservation
• Zuni people

{{reflist|22em}}

{{commons category|Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico}}

• [http://www.ashiwi.org/ Pueblo of Zuni] - official site
• [http://www.zunitourism.com/ Zuni Department of Tourism]
• [http://3dparks.wr.usgs.gov/indians/html2/1s00321v.html Historic photos of Zuni Pueblo], Timothy H. O'Sullivan, photographer
• [http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/amsw/ American Southwest, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary]

{{Indian reservations in New Mexico}}

{{McKinley County, New Mexico}}

{{National Register of Historic Places}}

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Pueblo

Category:Census-designated places in New Mexico

Category:Census-designated places in McKinley County, New Mexico

Category:Native American history of New Mexico

Category:Pueblo great houses