Washington Old Hall

{{Short description|Manor house associated with the family of George Washington, Tyne & Wear, England}}

{{Infobox building

| name = Washington Old Hall

| image = Washington Hall - panoramio (3).jpg

| image_size = 250px

| caption = Main entrance of the Washington Old Hall

| map_type = Tyne and Wear

| map_caption = Location in Tyne and Wear

| status = Used as a museum

| address = The Avenue, Washington Village

| location_town = Washington, Tyne and Wear

| location_country = England

| coordinates = {{Coord|54|54|09.86|N|1|30|59.17|W|region:GB-ENG_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}

| construction_start_date = {{Circa}} 1183

| completion_date = 17th century

| client = William de Hertburn

| owner = National Trust

| material = Stone

| website = {{URL|nationaltrust.org.uk/Washington-Old-Hall/|Washington Old Hall}}

}}

Washington Old Hall is a historic manor house in Washington, Tyne and Wear, England. It lies in the centre of Washington, being surrounded by other villages. The building was the ancestral home of the family of George Washington (1732–1799), the first president of the United States.

History

File:WASHINGTON OLD HALL INTERIOR, TYNE AND WEAR, ENGLAND.jpg

William de Hertburne (originally William Bayard),{{Cite journal|last=Wells|first=William C.|date=1913|title=A Washington Token|url=https://www.britnumsoc.org/publications/Digital%20BNJ/pdfs/1913_BNJ_10_21.pdf|journal=British Numismatic Journal|series=2|publisher=British Numismatic Society|volume=10|page=326}} an ancestor of George Washington, assumed tenancy of the Wessyngtonlands from the Bishop of Durham in the late 12th century. Soon after, he changed his name to William de Wessyngton (later Washington).{{cite web|url=http://www.newcastlegateshead.com/things-to-do/washington-old-hall-p23531|title=Washington Old Hall|publisher=Newcastle Gateshead|access-date=4 April 2015}} In the early 15th century Sir William Mallory married Dionysia Tempest, the last Wessyngton heir at the Hall. Dionysia was daughter of Sir William Tempest and his cousin, Eleanor Wessyngton. In 1613, Sir John Mallory (a descendant of Sir William Mallory and Dionysia Tempest) and Anna Eure, shareholders in the Virginia Company, moved south to Sulgrave Manor in Northamptonshire, and the manor was sold to the Bishop of Durham.{{cite web|url=https://www.sunderlandecho.com/heritage-and-retro/retro/story-washington-old-halls-thousand-year-history-and-its-american-connection-2905690|title=The story of Washington Old Hall's thousand year history – and its American connection|date=6 July 2020|publisher=Sunderland Echo|access-date=3 December 2020}}

The Hall continued to be used as a residence until the 19th century, when it became tenement flats and gradually fell into disrepair. In 1936 the building was declared unfit for human habitation, and was rescued from demolition by Fred Hill, a local teacher, who created what is now the "Friends of the Old Hall" to press for restoration of the building. Restoration began in 1937.{{NHLE|desc=Washington Old Hall, Sunderland|num=1354971|access-date=3 December 2020}} Preservation work stopped during World War II, but was completed in 1955. The building was opened by the American Ambassador, Winthrop W. Aldrich.{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/wear/content/articles/2006/05/23/washington_old_hall_feature.shtml|title=Washington Old Hall|publisher=BBC|access-date=3 December 2020}} In 1957, the National Trust assumed responsibility for the building.{{Cite web |url=http://www.sunderland.gov.uk/Public/Editable/Themes/Lifelong-Learning/Leaflets/Washington%20Old%20Hall.pdf |title=Sunderland City Council information leaflet |access-date=19 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927201653/http://www.sunderland.gov.uk/Public/Editable/Themes/Lifelong-Learning/Leaflets/Washington%20Old%20Hall.pdf |archive-date=27 September 2007 |url-status=dead }}

As a result of these historic ties, in 2007, Washington, D.C., and the City of Sunderland announced a "friendship agreement," hoping to create cultural and economic ties with one another.{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/wear/6999728.stm|title=Students seal 'friendship' pact|date=17 September 2007|publisher=BBC|access-date=3 December 2020}}