a549 cell
{{Short description|Cell line}}
File:Intercellular connections in a549 cells.jpg, from a 3-4 days old culture, showing an abundance of intercellular connections, including possible cytonemes, filopodia and other epithelial bridges. (These cells have endocytosed 25x73 nm colloidal gold nanorods.)]]
A549 cells are adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells, and constitute a cell line that was first developed in 1972 by D. J. Giard, et al. through the removal and culturing of cancerous lung tissue in the explanted tumor of a 58-year-old caucasian male.{{cite web |url= http://a549.com/|title= A549 Cell Line: Human alveolar adenocarcinoma cell line -General Information|author= |date= |publisher= |accessdate=3 January 2012}} The cells are used as models for the study of lung cancer and the development of drug therapies against it.{{cite journal |pmid=4357758 |year=1973 |last1=Giard |first1=DJ |last2=Aaronson |first2=SA |last3=Todaro |first3=GJ |last4=Arnstein |first4=P |last5=Kersey |first5=JH |last6=Dosik |first6=H |last7=Parks |first7=WP |title=In vitro cultivation of human tumors: Establishment of cell lines derived from a series of solid tumors |volume=51 |issue=5 |pages=1417–23 |journal=Journal of the National Cancer Institute | doi = 10.1093/jnci/51.5.1417 }}
Characteristics
A549 cells, as found in the lung tissue of their origin, are squamous and responsible for the diffusion of some substances, such as water and electrolytes, across alveoli. If A549 cells are cultured in vitro, they grow as a monolayer; adherent or attaching to the culture flask. The cells are able to synthesize lecithin and contain high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, which are important to maintain membrane phospholipids. A549 cells are widely used as a type II pulmonary epithelial cell model for drug metabolism and as a transfection host.{{cite web|url= http://www.atcc.org/ATCCAdvancedCatalogSearch/ProductDetails/tabid/452/Default.aspx?ATCCNum=CCL-185&Template=cellBiology|title= A549 cell line: CCl-185 Product Description|author= ATCC.org|date= |publisher= |accessdate= 3 January 2012|archive-date= 11 February 2012|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120211232152/http://www.atcc.org/ATCCAdvancedCatalogSearch/ProductDetails/tabid/452/Default.aspx?ATCCNum=CCL-185&Template=cellBiology|url-status= dead}} When grown for a sufficiently long time in cell culture, A549 cells may begin to differentiate, as signaled by the presence of multilamellar bodies.{{cite web|title=Cell line profile A549|url=https://www.phe-culturecollections.org.uk/media/126404/a549-cell-line-profile.pdf|publisher=Public Health England|first1=Jim|last1=Cooper|date=December 2012|access-date=25 June 2018}}
Usage
A549 cells have served as models of alveolar Type II pulmonary epithelium, finding utility in research examining the metabolic processing of lung tissue and possible mechanisms of drug delivery to the tissue.{{cite journal|pmid=9743595|title=Characterization of the A549 cell line as a type II pulmonary epithelial cell model for drug metabolism.|journal=Experimental Cell Research|first1=KA |last1=Foster |display-authors=etal|date=15 September 1998|volume=243|issue=2|pages=359–366|doi=10.1006/excr.1998.4172}} In context of lung cancer drug development, the cells have served as testing grounds for novel drugs - such as paclitaxel, docetaxel, and bevacizumab - both in vitro and in vivo through cell culture and xenografting, respectively.{{cite web|title=A549 – A Model For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer|url=https://www.mibioresearch.com/knowledge-center/model-spotlight-a549-a-model-for-non-small-cell-lung-cancer/|date=May 2016|first1=Maryland|last1=Franklin|publisher=MiBioresearch|access-date=25 June 2018|archive-date=25 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625185455/https://www.mibioresearch.com/knowledge-center/model-spotlight-a549-a-model-for-non-small-cell-lung-cancer/|url-status=dead}} Single-cell tracking of A549 has enabled the elaboration of pedigree-tree profiles and demonstrate correlations in behavior among sister cells and their descendants.{{Cite journal|last1=Korsnes|first1=Mónica Suárez|last2=Korsnes|first2=Reinert|date=2018|title=Single-Cell Tracking of A549 Lung Cancer Cells Exposed to a Marine Toxin Reveals Correlations in Pedigree Tree Profiles|journal=Frontiers in Oncology|language=English|volume=8|pages=260|doi=10.3389/fonc.2018.00260|issn=2234-943X|pmc=6039982|pmid=30023341|doi-access=free }}{{Cite journal |last1=Korsnes |first1=Mónica Suárez |last2=Korsnes |first2=Reinert |date=2023-08-09 |title=Initial refinement of data from video-based single-cell tracking |journal=Cancer Innovation |volume=2 |issue=5 |pages=416–432 |language=en |doi=10.1002/cai2.88 |issn=2770-9183|doi-access=free |pmid=38090384 |pmc=10686135 |hdl=11250/3099896 |hdl-access=free }} Such observations of correlations can be used as proxy measurements to identify cellular stress and inheritance as a response to drug treatment.{{Cite journal|last1=Andrei|first1=Luca|last2=Kasas|first2=Sandor|last3=Ochoa Garrido|first3=Ignacio|last4=Stanković|first4=Tijana|last5=Suárez Korsnes|first5=Mónica|last6=Vaclavikova|first6=Radka|last7=Assaraf|first7=Yehuda G.|last8=Pešić|first8=Milica|date=2020-01-01|title=Advanced technological tools to study multidrug resistance in cancer|journal=Drug Resistance Updates|volume=48|pages=100658|doi=10.1016/j.drup.2019.100658|pmid=31678863|issn=1368-7646|doi-access=free|url=https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_4956D7F37617.P001/REF.pdf}} A549 has also been employed in viral research and associated protein expression changes as a consequence of viral infection.{{cite journal |pmid=9670982 |year=1998 |last1=Thomas |first1=LH |last2=Friedland |first2=JS |last3=Sharland |first3=M |last4=Becker |first4=S |title=Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Induced RANTES Production from Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Is Dependent on Nuclear Factor-κB Nuclear Binding and Is Inhibited by Adenovirus-Mediated Expression of Inhibitor of κBα |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=1007–16 |journal=Journal of Immunology |doi=10.4049/jimmunol.161.2.1007 |s2cid=83679578 |url=http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9670982|doi-access=free }} Although A549 is a cancer cell line, it has also been studied for its response to tuberculosis, specifically the production of chemokines as it is induced by the invading bacteria.{{cite journal |pmid=9488404 |year=1998 |last1=Lin |first1=Yuanguang |last2=Zhang |first2=Ming |last3=Barnes |first3=Peter F. |title=Chemokine production by a human alveolar epithelial cell line in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis |volume=66 |issue=3 |pages=1121–6 |pmc=108024 |journal=Infection and Immunity |doi=10.1128/IAI.66.3.1121-1126.1998 |url=}}
References
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External links
- [https://www.cellosaurus.org/CVCL_0023 Cellosaurus entry for A549]
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