adjudicator
{{Short description|Someone who presides, judges and arbitrates during a formal dispute}}
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An adjudicator is someone who presides, judges, and arbitrates during a formal dispute or competition. They have numerous purposes, including preliminary legal judgments, to determine applicant eligibility, or to assess contenders' performance in competitions.
Types
= Arbiters =
An example is a person who makes a preliminary judgment as to an unemployment insurance claim. An adjudicator makes an initial decision to keep a case from going to court. Although the adjudicator's decision does not have legal weight, the adjudicator has rendered a decision. Although a case can be appealed to a judge, the adjudicator's decision is frequently accepted as the same as what a judge would make, keeping many time-consuming cases out of the court system.
= Decision-making panels =
The term is used to refer to a panel of judges in the process of considering security clearances for the United States government. The panel reviews information from a background investigation and a polygraph and decides whether to grant the clearance. Adjudicators can be a medical review board that makes disability and retirement benefit decisions for Federal employees and military personnel. Adjudicators also exist for immigration benefits.{{cite web|url=http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.f6da51a2342135be7e9d7a10e0dc91a0/?vgnextoid=fa7e539dc4bed010VgnVCM1000000ecd190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=fa7e539dc4bed010VgnVCM1000000ecd190aRCRD&CH=afm|title=ilink – USCIS|work=uscis.gov}}
= Official evaluations {{anchor|competition judge}} =
An adjudicator (often referred to as a "judge", "umpire", "arbiter", or more archaically as a "daysman"
{{cite web
|title = daysman - noun
|location = Springfield, MA
|publisher = Merriam-Webster Dictionary
|url = https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/daysman
|website = merriam-webster.com
|year = 2020
|quote = 1 – archaic: UMPIRE, ARBITER. 2 – archaic: DAY LABORER.
|access-date = June 2, 2020
}}), is a person who gives a critical evaluation of performances in competitions, festivals or talent shows, resulting in the award of marks, medals or prizes.
In BP debate, an adjudicator{{cite web|url=http://flynn.debating.net/ |title=World Debate Website |work=debating.net |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120424202856/http://flynn.debating.net/ |archivedate=2012-04-24 }} weighs arguments and decides rankings in the house. There are different types of adjudicators, each with their respective duties and levels of authority: chair, panelist, and trainee. In the event that the chair is the chief adjudicator of the tournament, they are referred to as "Speaker".
References
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Sources
- Adjudicators Field Manual, United States Department of Homeland Security, Citizenship and Immigration Services
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