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anti-submarine rocket

{{Distinguish|Anti-submarine missile}}

{{See also|Anti-submarine mortar}}

{{short description|Naval weapon type for launching small depth charges against submarines}}

File:RoketsanIDEF2015 (12).JPG anti-submarine rocket launcher]]

An anti-submarine rocket is an anti-submarine weapon type deployed on surface warships for the purpose of sinking or damaging submarines by small explosive charges. They are similar to anti-submarine mortar but a comparably more modern system. This type of weapon used rockets instead of spigot mortars to deliver the explosive.{{cite web |url= https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1976/may/thinking-about-soviet-asw|title= Thinking About Soviet ASW |publisher= U.S. Naval Institute |first=Norman |last=Polmar |date= May 1976|access-date= 11 November 2024}}

History

File:Anti-submarine rocket launcher 375 mm model 1972-IMG 4184.JPG

From World War I submarines posed a major threat to surface ships. Which necessitated the development of effective anti-submarine weapons. During World War II, The US developed first anti-submarine rocket Mousetrap to replace Hedgehog anti-submarine mortar.Campbell, pp. 91–93, 166–167

Both had the common characteristic of throwing multiple depth charges ahead of the attacking vessel, while it was still in sonar contact. After World War II several other countries developed anti-submarine rocket. U.S. developed another system named RUR-4 Weapon Alpha.{{cite book | last = Friedman | first = Norman | title = The Naval Institute Guide to World Naval Weapons Systems, 1997-1998 | publisher = United States Naval Institute Press | date = May 1997 | location = Annapolis, Maryland United States | pages = 668 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=l-DzknmTgDUC&pg=PA668 | isbn = 1-55750-268-4}} Norway developed Terne. The Bofors 375 mm anti-submarine rocket was developed in 1950s by Sweden.{{cite web|url=https://www.forecastinternational.com/archive/disp_old_pdf.cfm?ARC_ID=1714 |title=Warships forecast |website=www.forecastinternational.co |format=PDF}} It had two or four barrels and fired a {{convert|550|lb|adj=on}} projectile up to {{Convert|3800|yd}}. Due to the poor sonar conditions of the Baltic Sea, mortars, rocket and missile launchers still retain a place next to torpedoes. The USSR developed its own anti-submarine rockets in the RBU series and these are still in use in Russia.{{cite web |title=Anti-submarine rocket launcher system RPK-8 {{!}} |url=http://roe.ru/eng/catalog/naval-systems/shipborne-weapons/rpk-8/ |website=Catalog Rosoboronexport roe.ru}}{{cite web |url=https://www.valka.cz/SOV-RBU-1200-Uragan-t220307 |title=RBU-1200 (реактивно-бомбомётная установка - reaktívny vrhač bômb) |author= |date=19 January 2019 |access-date=10 November 2024 |language=Czech|trans-title=RBU-1200 ( реактивно-бомбомётная установка - reactive bomb launcher )}} China also developed multiple types of anti-submarine rocket system.{{cite news|url=https://weaponsystems.net/system/552-Type+87|title=Type-87|work=Weapon Systems|access-date=10 November 2024}} In 2015, Turkish company Roketsan unveiled a new 375 mm anti-submarine rocket system.{{cite web |url= https://www.roketsan.com.tr/en/products/anti-submarine-warfare-asw-rocket-and-launcher-system|title= Anti-submarine Warfare ASW rocket and launcher system |publisher= Roketsan |accessdate= 10 November 2024}} These systems also exported to multiple countries.

Uses

File:ORP Kaszub RBU.jpg

The homing torpedo and anti-submarine missiles have largely take the anti-submarine role, although anti-submarine rockets still used as secondary anti-submarine weapon by larger ships and primary anti-submarine weapon by small ships by several nations.{{cite web |url= https://www.spsnavalforces.com/story/?id=637&h=Anti-submarine-Warfare|title= Anti-submarine Warfare |publisher= SP's Naval Forces |date= May 2019|accessdate= 10 November 2024}} Compared to the anti-submarine torpedo and missile, range of the anti-submarine rocket is short. The former Soviet Navy (and by extension, the Russian Navy) is the largest user of anti-submarine rockets. Keeping with the Soviet idea that weapons should be simple and cheap, several versions of anti-submarine rockets were developed. Trials were also conducted on destroying oncoming torpedoes with anti-submarine mortars. The most common is the RBU-6000, which fires twelve {{convert|160|lb|adj=on}} projectiles in a horseshoe pattern up to {{Convert|6500|yd}} away.

List of anti-submarine rockets

File:Wuhu (539) Frigate - Type 87 ASR.jpg

{{flag country|SWE}}

{{flag country|USA}}

{{flag country|SOV}} / {{flag country|RUS}}

{{flag country|TUR}}

  • Roketsan 375 mm anti-submarine warfare rocket launcher

{{flag country|NOR}}

{{flag country|CHN}}

  • FQF-1200, 5-tube RBU-1200 derivative
  • "Type 75" or "FQF-2500", 12-tube RBU-1200 derivative
  • Type 81 anti-submarine rocket launcher and rockets
  • Type 3200 / FQF-3200 anti-submarine rocket launcher;{{cite web |title=People's Liberation Army Navy - Weapons |url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/china/plan-weapons.htm |website=www.globalsecurity.org}}
  • Type 87 240 mm anti-submarine rocket launcher{{cite web |title=Type 87 |url=https://weaponsystems.net/system/552-Type+87 |website=Weaponsystems.net |language=en}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book|last=Campbell|first=John|title=Naval Weapons of World War II|year=1985|publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=0-87021-459-4}}

Anti-submarine warfare

Category:Anti-submarine weapons

Category:Anti-submarine rockets