avihepadnavirus

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Avihepadnavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Hepadnaviridae.{{cite web |title=ICTV Report Hepadnaviridae |url=http://www.ictv.global/report/hepadnaviridae}} Birds serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinomas (chronic infections), and cirrhosis.{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/102.html|publisher=ExPASy|accessdate=12 June 2015}}{{cite journal |last1= Guo|first1= Haitao|last2= Mason|first2= William|year= 2005|title= Identification and Characterization of Avihepadnaviruses Isolated from Exotic Anseriformes Maintained in Captivity|journal= Journal of Virology|volume= 79|issue= 5|pages= 2729–2742 |publisher= American Society for Microbiology|doi=10.1128/JVI.79.5.2729-2742.2005 |pmid=15708992|pmc=548436}}

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species:{{cite web|title=Virus Taxonomy: 2024 Release|url=https://ictv.global/taxonomy|publisher=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|access-date=22 March 2025}}

Avihepadnavirus anatigruidae, Duck hepatitis B virus
Avihepadnavirus ciconiardeae, Heron hepatitis B virus
Avihepadnavirus psittaunius, Parrot hepatitis B virus 1
Avihepadnavirus psittaduorum, Parrot hepatitis B virus 2
Avihepadnavirus bonicursoris, Elegant-crested tinamou hepatitis B virus

Structure

Viruses in the genus Avihepadnavirus are enveloped, with spherical geometries, and T=4 symmetry. The diameter is around 42 nm. Genomes are circular, around 3.2kb in length. The genome codes for 7 proteins.

Genus	Structure \|\| Symmetry	Capsid	Genomic arrangement	Genomic segmentation
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Avihepadnavirus	Icosahedral	T=4	Non-enveloped	Circular	Monopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Replication follows the dsDNA(RT) replication model. DNA-templated transcription, specifically dsDNA-RT transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by ribosomal shunting. The virus exits the host cell by budding, and nuclear pore export. Birds serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are parental, sexual, and blood.

Genus	Host details	Tissue tropism	Entry details	Release details	Replication site	Assembly site	Transmission
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Avihepadnavirus	Birds	Hepatocytes	Cell receptor endocytosis	Budding	Nucleus	Cytoplasm	Vertical: parental; sex; blood

References

External links

[http://www.ictv.global/report/hepadnaviridae ICTV Report: Hepadnaviridae]
[http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/102.html Viralzone: Avihepadnavirus]

Category:Hepadnaviridae

Category:Virus genera