avogadrite

{{Short description|Halide mineral}}

{{Infobox mineral

| name = Avogadrite

| category = Halide mineral

| image = Ferruccite, Avogadrite - Vesuvius, Italia.jpg

| caption = Ferruccite (white) on avogadrite (yellow-brownish), picture size: 5 mm

| formula = (K,Cs)BF4

|IMAsymbol=Avg{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3|pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43|bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W|s2cid=235729616|doi-access=free}}

| molweight =

| strunz = 3.CA.10

| system = Orthorhombic

| class = Dipyramidal (mmm)
H-M symbol: (2/m 2/m 2/m)

| symmetry = Pnma

| unit cell = a = 8.6588, b = 5.48
c = 7.0299 [Å]; Z = 4

| color = Colorless to white, yellowish to reddish

| habit = Tabular to platy octagonal crystals, tiny crystals, elongate

| twinning =

| cleavage =

| fracture =

| mohs =

| luster = Vitreous, greasy

| refractive = nα = 1.3239, nβ = 1.3245, nγ = 1.3247

| opticalprop = Biaxial (-)

| birefringence = δ = 0.001

| 2V = 75°(meas), 58° (calc)

| pleochroism =

| streak =

| gravity = 2.9

| density =

| melt =

| fusibility =

| diagnostic =

| solubility =

| diaphaneity = Translucent

| other = Bitter taste

| references = {{cite web | url = http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/AVOGADRITE.pdf | publisher = The Mineralogical Society of America | title = Handbook of Mineralogy: Avogadrite | access-date = 2010-01-09 | archive-date = 2012-02-18 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120218224538/http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/AVOGADRITE.pdf | url-status = dead }}[http://www.mindat.org/min-438.html Avogadrite on Mindat.org][http://www.webmineral.com/data/Avogadrite.shtml#.VnoRFrY4HRY Avogadrite data on Webmin]

}}

Avogadrite ((K,Cs)BF4) is a potassium-caesium tetrafluoroborate in the halide class. Avogadrite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system (space group Pnma) with cell parameters a 8.66 Å, b 5.48 Å and c Å 7.03.

History

The mineral was discovered by the Italian mineralogist Ferruccio Zambonini

in 1926. He analyzed several samples from the volcanic fumaroles close to Mount Vesuvius and from the Lipari islands. In nature, it can only be found as a sublimation product around volcanic fumaroles. He named it after the Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro (1776–1856).{{cite journal | first = Ferruccio | last = Zambonini | title = Sulla presenza, tra i prodotti dell'attuale attività del Vesuvio, di una varietà cesifera del fluoborato di potassio, (On the presence, among the products of Vesuvius, of a caesium-bearing variety of potassium fluoborate), Rend. Accad. Lincei | volume = 6 | issue = III | pages = 644–649 | year =1926}}

Bibliography

  • Palache, P.; Berman H.; Frondel, C. (1960). "Dana's System of Mineralogy, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. (Seventh Edition)" John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, pp. 97-98.

References