bandwidth management

Bandwidth management mechanisms may be used to further engineer performance and includes:

• Traffic shapingIETF RFC 2475 "An Architecture for Differentiated Services" section 2.3.3.3 - Internet standard definition of "Shaper" (rate limiting):{{Cite web|last=AppNeta|title=Rate Limiting Detection: Bandwidth and Latency|url=https://www.appneta.com/blog/rate-limiting-bandwidth-latency/|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Appneta|language=en}}
• Token bucket
• Leaky bucket
• TCP rate control - artificially adjusting TCP window size as well as controlling the rate of ACKs being returned to the sender{{cite web|title=TCP Rate Control|url=http://speed.cis.nctu.edu.tw/bandwidth/opensource/tcprate.pdf}}{{Cite journal|last1=Handley|first1=Mark|last2=Padhye|first2=Jitendra|last3=Floyd|first3=Sally|last4=Widmer|first4=Joerg|title=TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC): Protocol Specification|url=https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5348.html|access-date=2020-07-23|website=tools.ietf.org|year=2008 |doi=10.17487/RFC5348 |language=en|doi-access=free}}
• Scheduling algorithms:
• Weighted fair queuing (WFQ){{Cite journal | last1 = Stiliadis | first1 = D. | last2 = Varma | first2 = A. | doi = 10.1109/90.731196 | title = Latency-rate servers: A general model for analysis of traffic scheduling algorithms | journal = IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking | volume = 6 | issue = 5 | page = 611 | year = 1998 | s2cid = 206475858 | url = http://ect.bell-labs.com/who/stiliadi/papers/infocom96.LR.pdf | access-date = 2020-07-23 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100259/http://ect.bell-labs.com/who/stiliadi/papers/infocom96.LR.pdf }}
• Class based weighted fair queuing
• Weighted round robin (WRR)
• Deficit weighted round robin (DWRR)
• Hierarchical Fair Service Curve (HFSC)
• Congestion avoidance:
• RED, WRED - Lessens the possibility of port queue buffer tail-drops and this lowers the likelihood of TCP global synchronization
• Policing (marking/dropping the packet in excess of the committed traffic rate and burst size){{Cite web |title=Traffic Shaping and Policing (Congestion Avoidance, Policing, Shaping, and Link Efficiency Mechanisms) |url=http://what-when-how.com/ccnp-ont-exam-certification-guide/traffic-shaping-and-policing-congestion-avoidance-policing-shaping-and-link-efficiency-mechanisms/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=what-when-how.com}}

• Explicit congestion notification
• Buffer tuning - {{cite web|title=Buffer Tuning|url=http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/routers/10000-series-routers/15091-buffertuning.pdf}} allows you to modify the way a router allocates buffers from its available memory, and helps prevent packet drops during a temporary burst of traffic.
• Bandwidth reservation protocols / algorithms
• Resource reservation protocol (RSVP) - is the means by which applications communicate their requirements to the network in an efficient and robust manner.{{cite book |author=Sonia Fahmy |author2=Raj Jain |date=2000 |chapter=Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) |editor=Rafael Osso |title=Handbook of Emerging Communications Technologies: The Next Decade |publisher=CRC Press |s2cid=18245741 |chapter-url=https://www.cs.wustl.edu/~jain/books/ftp/rsvp.pdf |via=Washington University in St. Louis}}
• Constraint-based Routing Label Distribution Protocol (CR-LDP)
• Top-nodes algorithm
• Traffic classification - categorising traffic according to some policy in order that the above techniques can be applied to each class of traffic differently

Issues which may limit the performance of a given link include:

• TCP determines the capacity of a connection by flooding it until packets start being dropped (slow start)
• Queueing in routers results in higher latency and jitter as the network approaches (and occasionally exceeds) capacity
• TCP global synchronization when the network reaches capacity results in waste of bandwidth
• Burstiness of web traffic requires spare bandwidth to rapidly accommodate the bursty traffic
• Lack of widespread support for explicit congestion notification and quality of service management on the Internet
• Internet Service Providers typically retain control over queue management and quality of service at their end of the link
• Window Shaping allows higher end products to reduce traffic flows, which reduce queue depth and allow more users to share more bandwidth fairly

• Packet sniffer{{cite web|title=Sniffers Basics and Detection|url=http://www.just.edu.jo/~tawalbeh/nyit/incs745/presentations/Sniffers.pdf}} is a program or a device that eavesdrops on the network traffic by grabbing information traveling over a network
• Network traffic measurement

• Bandwidth cap
• Bandwidth management is a subset of network management and performance management
• Bandwidth management using NetFlow and IPFIX data
• Bandwidth throttling
• Customer service unit a device to balance the data rate on user's telecommunication equipment
• INASP runs bandwidth management training workshops and produces reports
• Network congestion avoidance lists some techniques for prevention and management of congestion on routers
• Network traffic measurement is a subset of network monitoring
• Traffic shaping and rate limiting are bandwidth management (traffic control) techniques

{{Reflist}}

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• "Deploying IP and MPLS QoS for Multiservice Networks: Theory and Practice" by John Evans, Clarence Filsfils (Morgan Kaufmann, 2007, {{ISBN|0-12-370549-5}})

{{refend}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20090824071644/http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/DEC0202.pdf Bandwidth Management Tools, Strategies, and Issues]
• [http://www.techsoupforlibraries.org/cookbook-3/networking-and-security/bandwidth-management TechSoup for Libraries: Bandwidth Management]
• The True Price of Bandwidth Monitoring
• [http://www.just.edu.jo/~tawalbeh/nyit/incs745/presentations/Sniffers.pdf Sniffers Basics and Detection]

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Category:Network performance

de:Netzwerk-Scheduler