blue scrotum sign of Bryant
{{Short description|Sign of abdominal aortic aneurysm}}
{{Infobox medical condition
|name = Blue scrotum sign of Bryant
|synonyms =
|image =
|image_upright =
|image_size =
|alt =
|image_thumbtime =
|caption =
|width =
|image2 =
|image2_upright =
|image_size2 =
|alt2 =
|image_thumbtime2 =
|caption2 =
|width2 =
|pronounce =
|pronounce 2 =
|specialty =
|symptoms = Bruising of the scrotum
|complications =
|onset =
|duration =
|types =
|causes = Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
|risks =
|diagnosis =
|differential =
|prevention =
|treatment =
|medication =
|prognosis =
|frequency =
|deaths =
|named after = John Henry Bryant
}}
The blue scrotum sign of Bryant, also known as Bryant's blue sign, is bruising of the scrotum, typically associated with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).{{cite journal |last1=Epperla |first1=Narendranath |last2=Mazza |first2=Joseph J. |last3=Yale |first3=Steven H. |title=A Review of Clinical Signs Related to Ecchymosis |journal=WMJ|date=April 2015 |volume=114 |issue=2 |pages=61–65 |pmid=26756058 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26756058/ |issn=1098-1861 }} It generally appears three or four days after first experiencing pain, though may occur hours after and sometimes weeks after the rupture.
The sign is named after British physician John Henry Bryant, who first described it in 1903.
Definition
Blue scrotum sign of Bryant is a medical sign associated with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) that is leaking relatively slowly.
Signs and symptoms
File:Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Location.png
Bruising of one side or both sides of the scrotum may be seen three or four days after leakage of the aneurysm.
Cause and mechanism
Rupture of the aneurysm causes blood to accumulate in the retroperitoneal space and extravasate into the scrotal tissue via the inguinal canal and spermatic cord.
Epidemiology
History
The sign was first described in 1903 by John Henry Bryant (1867–1906) in autopsies conducted on people who died from ruptured AAA.{{Cite book |last1=Yale |first1=Steven H. |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zJQoEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA29|title=Cardiovascular Eponymic Signs: Diagnostic Skills Applied During the Physical Examination |last2=Tekiner |first2=Halil |last3=Mazza |first3=Joseph J. |last4=Yale |first4=Eileen S. |last5=Yale |first5=Ryan C. |date=2021 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-3-030-67596-7 |pages=29 |language=en |chapter=1. Aneurysm}}{{Cite book|last=White|first=Fred Ashley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=emjePxyF5lkC|title=Physical Signs in Medicine and Surgery: An Atlas of Rare, Lost and Forgotten Physical Signs : Includes a Collection of Extraordinary Papers in Medicine, Surgery and the Scientific Method|date=2009|publisher=Museum Press Books|isbn=978-1-4415-0829-4|language=en|page=57}}
References
{{reflist}}