brown dove

{{Automatic taxobox

| name = Brown dove

| image = White Eared Brown Dove.jpg

| image_caption = White-eared brown dove (P. leucotis)

| taxon = Phapitreron

| authority = Bonaparte, 1854

| type_species = Columba leucotis{{cite web |url= https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=66 |title= Columbidae |author= |date= |website= aviansystematics.org |publisher= The Trust for Avian Systematics |access-date= 2023-08-05}}

| type_species_authority = Temminck, 1823

}}

Brown doves are members of the genus Phapitreron in the pigeon family. Their common name refers to their overall brown coloration. They are endemic to the Philippines. All brown doves are tree-dwellers, but the different species occupy different types of wooded habitats; some are more restricted to old-growth forest while other make use of secondary forest and other woodland. Their main diet is fruit. They tend to be solitary in their habits and can be elusive. Some species in this genus have conspicuous black and white stripes on their faces and iridescent neck feathers. Males and females look alike.

Taxonomy

The genus Phapitreron was introduced in 1854 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte for the white-eared brown dove (Phapitreron leucotis).{{ cite journal | last=Bonaparte | first=Charles Lucien | author-link=Charles Lucien Bonaparte | year=1854 | title=Coup d'oeil sur les pigeons | language=French | journal=Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences | volume=39 | pages=869–880 [879] | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2820060 }}{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1937 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=3 | publisher=Harvard University Press | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=23 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14477738 }} The genus name Phapitreron combines the genus name Phaps introduced by the English naturalist Prideaux John Selby in 1835 for the bronze-wing pigeons with the Ancient Greek trērōn meaning "pigeon".{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url=https://archive.org/details/helmdictionarysc00jobl_997 | url-access=limited | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=[https://archive.org/details/helmdictionarysc00jobl_997/page/n310 310] }}

The genus contains four species:{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | year=2020 | title=Pigeons | work=IOC World Bird List Version 10.1 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/pigeons/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | accessdate=16 March 2020 }}

White-eared brown dove (Phapitreron leucotis)
Amethyst brown dove (Phapitreron amethystinus)
Tawitawi brown dove (Phapitreron cinereiceps)
Mindanao brown dove (Phapitreron brunneiceps) – split from the Tawitawi brown dove

Some ornithologists have split two of the above species:{{ cite journal | last=Collar | first=N.J. | year=2011 | title=Species limits in some Philippine birds including the Greater Flameback Chrysocolaptes lucidus | journal=Forktail | volume=27 | pages=29–38 | url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c1a9e03f407b482a158da87/t/5c211d4d4fa51a4c897b3a4b/1545674062184/Greater-Flameback.pdf }}

Buff-eared brown-dove (Phapitreron nigrorum) – split from the white-eared brown dove{{cite iucn |author1= BirdLife International|title= Phapitreron nigrorum |volume= 2016|year= 2016|page= e.T22727834A94963146 |doi= 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22727834A94963146.en }}
Short-billed brown-dove (Phapitreron brevirostris) – split from the white-eared brown dove{{cite iucn |author1= BirdLife International|title= Phapitreron brevirostris |volume= 2016|year= 2016|page= e.T22727841A94963314 |doi= 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22727841A94963314.en }}
Cebu brown-dove (Phapitreron frontalis) – split from the amethyst brown dove; listed as an EDGE species by the Zoological Society of London{{Cite web|url=http://www.edgeofexistence.org/species/cebu-brown-dove/|title = Cebu Brown-dove}} and Critically Endangered by the IUCN.{{cite iucn |author= BirdLife International||author-link=BirdLife International|year= 2021 |title= Phapitreron frontalis |page= e.T60543516A205992046 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T60543516A205992046.en|access-date=5 December 2023}}
Grey-breasted brown-dove (Phapitreron maculipectus) – split from the amethyst brown dove{{cite iucn |author1= BirdLife International|title= Phapitreron maculipectus |volume= 2017 |amends=2016|year= 2017|page= e.T60543526A110865806 |doi= 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T60543526A110865806.en }}

brown dove

Taxonomy

References

Further reading