bucindolol
{{Short description|Chemical compound}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}}
{{Drugbox
| IUPAC_name = 2-[2-hydroxy-3-[
| image = Bucindolol.png
| tradename =
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration =
| bioavailability =
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life =
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| CAS_number = 71119-11-4
| ATC_prefix = none
| ATC_suffix =
| PubChem = 51045
| ChemSpiderID = 46266
| ChEMBL = 2107546
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = E9UO06K7CE
| SMILES = N#Cc0ccccc0OCC(O)CNC(C)(C)Cc1c[nH]c2c1cccc2
| C=22 | H=25 | N=3 | O=2
}}
Bucindolol is a non-selective beta blocker with additional weak alpha-blocking properties and intrinsic sympathomimetic activity in some model systems{{cite journal| vauthors = Reinhart KM, White CM | title = Bucindolol: a beta-blocker for the treatment of heart failure. | journal = Formulary | date = June 2009 | volume = 44 | issue = 6 | page = 166 | url = http://formularyjournal.modernmedicine.com/formulary/Modern+Medicine+Now/Bucindolol-A-beta-blocker-for-the-treatment-of-hea/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/601855 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120304060419/http://formularyjournal.modernmedicine.com/formulary/Modern+Medicine+Now/Bucindolol-A-beta-blocker-for-the-treatment-of-hea/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/601855 | archive-date = 2012-03-04 | url-status = dead }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Willette RN, Mitchell MP, Ohlstein EH, Lukas MA, Ruffolo RR | title = Evaluation of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of bucindolol and carvedilol in rat heart | journal = Pharmacology | volume = 56 | issue = 1 | pages = 30–36 | date = January 1998 | pmid = 9467185 | doi = 10.1159/000028179 | s2cid = 46848815 }} but not in human hearts.{{cite journal | vauthors = Bristow MR, Roden RL, Lowes BD, Gilbert EM, Eichhorn EJ | title = The role of third-generation beta-blocking agents in chronic heart failure | journal = Clinical Cardiology | volume = 21 | issue = 12 Suppl 1 | pages = I3-13 | date = December 1998 | pmid = 9853189 | pmc = 6656140 | doi = 10.1002/clc.4960211303 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Hershberger RE, Wynn JR, Sundberg L, Bristow MR | title = Mechanism of action of bucindolol in human ventricular myocardium | journal = Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology | volume = 15 | issue = 6 | pages = 959–967 | date = June 1990 | pmid = 1694919 | doi = 10.1097/00005344-199006000-00014 }} It was under review by the FDA in the United States for the treatment of heart failure in 2009, but was rejected due to issues pertaining to integrity of data submitted.{{cite web | url = http://cardiobrief.org/2009/06/02/fda-rejects-bucindolol-and-questions-trial-integrity/ | vauthors = Husten L | title = FDA rejects bucindolol and questions trial integrity | work = CardioBrief | date = 2 June 2009 }}
Synthesis
The displacement of the dimethylamino group in gramine (1) by the anion from 2-nitropropane gives 3-(2-methyl-2-nitropropyl)indole (2), which is reduced to the amine alpha,alpha-dimethyltryptamine (3). Separately, the reaction of 2-hydroxybenzonitrile (4) with epichlorohydrin gives the epoxide (5). Combination of the two intermediates (3) and (5) gives bucindolol.{{cite patent | inventor = Kreighbaum WE, Comer WT | title = 3-Indolyl-tertiary butylaminopropanols | country = US | number = 4234595 | gdate = 18 November 1980 | assign = Mead Johnson & Company | url = https://patents.google.com/patent/US4234595A/en?oq=us4234595 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Kreighbaum WE, Matier WL, Dennis RD, Minielli JL, Deitchman D, Perhach JL, Comer WT | title = Antihypertensive indole derivatives of phenoxypropanolamines with beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist and vasodilating activity | journal = Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | volume = 23 | issue = 3 | pages = 285–289 | date = March 1980 | pmid = 6102605 | doi = 10.1021/jm00177a015 }}
See also
References
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Antihypertensives}}
{{Adrenergic receptor modulators}}
{{Tryptamines}}
Category:Antihypertensive agents
Category:2-Hydroxybenzonitrile ethers
Category:N-Monoalkyltryptamines
Category:N-tert-butyl-phenoxypropanolamines
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