charivari (decorative chain)
{{Short description|Piece of costume jewellery popular in the German state of Bavaria}}
{{About|the Bavarian folk costume ornament|the folk custom|Charivari|the historical magazine|Le Charivari|the composition by HK Gruber|Charivari (Gruber)}}
File:Charivari (bavaria, late 20.century).JPG nose as the centre, semi-precious stones, raptor claw and "Schergraberl" (mole paw). Upper Bavaria, late 20th-century]]
Charivari (pronounced {{IPAc-en|ˌ|ʃ|ɑː|r|ɪ|ˈ|v|ɑː|r|i}}) is a piece of costume jewellery popular in the German state of Bavaria. Made of solid silver or silver-plated chain, it is decorated with gemstones, coins, medals, horn, and small body parts from a variety of animals.{{cite web |url=http://rseitz.com/talisman/german-hunting-amulets-charivari/ |title=German Hunting Amulets (Charivari) | R·Seitz: Talisman |publisher=Rseitz.com |date=28 July 2014 |accessdate=28 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305035629/http://rseitz.com/talisman/german-hunting-amulets-charivari/ |archive-date=5 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|url=http://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-a-south-german-luxurious-charivari-19th20th-century-heavy-silver-chain-51538727.html |title=A South German Luxurious Charivari, 19th/20th Century Heavy Silver Stock Photo, Picture And Royalty Free Image. Pic. 51538727 |publisher=Alamy.com |date=21 April 2011 |accessdate=28 February 2016}}
Origin and use
The name charivari derives from the Latin caribaria meaning "mess" or "madness". It also means "pandemonium" or "commotion". This meaning has continued in both English and French.{{cite web|url=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/charivari |title=charivari - Wiktionary |publisher=En.wiktionary.org |date=25 January 2016 |accessdate=28 February 2016}}{{cite web|url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/charivari |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120706064733/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/charivari |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 6, 2012 |title=charivari - definition of charivari in English from the Oxford dictionary |publisher=Oxforddictionaries.com |date= |accessdate=28 February 2016}}
Bavarian men wear the charivari on the belt of their lederhosen. The charivari traditionally served as jewellery or as a talisman for a successful hunt. It likely developed from a watch chain, from which were hung with hunting trophies.{{cite web|url=http://www.alpenlandtaenzer.com/chari-vari.htm |title=Our Tracht |publisher=Alpenlandtaenzer.com |date= |accessdate=28 February 2016}} It could not be bought, was carefully preserved and was passed down in a single family through the generations. Some old charivaris have values of up to 10,000 euros (about £8,770). The chain for women is usually finer, made of "Erbsketten" and decorated with talismen.
Gallery
Charivari mit acht Anhaengern.JPG|Traditional Charivari - silver chain with pendants
File:Charivarie_Nutria_Gebiss_sauzahn_bergkristall_Wildsau_kralle_huf_ametist_vogel.JPG|Charivari with many adornments
charivari massing.jpg|Charivari with silver coins from the 19th and early-20th century from Bavaria, Baden and Prussia, including a commemorative coin of King Ludwig II of Bavaria
Moderner-Charivari.jpg|Modern charivari worn on jeans