chicken parmesan

Upon arriving in North America, Italian immigrants began to take advantage of the meat market, incorporating chicken into parmigiana.{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/thrillist/the-surprising-origins-of_b_7802486.html|title=The Surprising Origins of 8 Italian-American Dishes|last=Thrillist|date=July 15, 2015|website=Huffington Post|language=en-US|access-date=October 26, 2017}} The dish, also known as "chicken parm", originated in the northeast United States from Italian immigrants, and became a popular staple in restaurants serving Italian-American cuisine by the 1950s.{{cite web |url=http://menus.nypl.org/menu_pages/56961 |title=Menu from Tony's Italian Kitchen |work=Tony's Italian Kitchen |date=1955 |author= |via=New York Public Library|access-date=June 17, 2019}}{{cite web |url=http://menus.nypl.org/menu_pages/52743 |title=Menu from Mamma Leone's |work=Mamma Leone's |date=1958 |author= |via=New York Public Library|access-date=March 7, 2016}}Petti di pollo alla Parmigiana under Piatti da Farsi. {{cite web | url=https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/a4958095-46c9-074d-e040-e00a1806792c | title= (still image) Ristorante Giannino, (1956-08-23) |author=Digital Collections, The New York Public Library |accessdate=May 15, 2025 |publisher=The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations}}. Home versions also grew in popularity. A recipe was published in the 1953 issue of the New York Herald Tribune that used frozen fried chicken patties or fillets along with other processed foods to make a version of the dish at home.{{cite news |title=Advances in Frozen Foods Are Taking Load Off Stoves: New Louis L. Libby Line of Precooked Items Shows How Home Chefs Can Cut Labors |newspaper=New York Herald Tribune |date=February 4, 1953 |page=12 |last=Cannon |first=Poppy |quote=Chicken Parmigiano–Generally this method is reserved for a breaded cutlet of veal, but it's amazing how good and unusual a dish you achieve by arranging heated quick-frozen southern fried chicken on the serving dish. Top each piece with a thin slice of cheese. The Italians would use Mozzarella; Muenster is good too, and so is mild American. A sprinkle of grated Parmesan over the top adds tang. Place under a broiler or in the oven till the cheese melts and then pour around a tomato sauce made by heating Hunt's tomato sauce with one clove garlic finely crushed, one-half bay leaf, one teaspoon olive oil, one-fourth to one-half teaspoon basil, oregano or marjoram. Simmer eight to ten minutes. |id={{ProQuest|1322298953}}}} A recipe for chicken parmesan was published in The New York Times in 1962."New Menus Are Offered Home Cook" (September 6, 1962). The New York Times, p. 33, in "[http://www.foodtimeline.org/foodmeats.html#parm Chicken Parm]", The Food Timeline. Retrieved November 12, 2015.

In the United States and Canada, chicken parmesan is often served as a main course, and sometimes with a side of, or on top of, pasta.{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/the-daily-meal/americas-best-chicken-par_b_3437241.html |title=America's Best Chicken Parm Sandwiches |work=The Huffington Post |date=June 13, 2013 |access-date=May 14, 2014 |author=}}

Many restaurants also offer chicken parm sandwiches.{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/the-daily-meal/americas-best-chicken-par_b_3437241.html |title=America's Best Chicken Parm Sandwiches |work=The Huffington Post |date=June 13, 2013 |access-date=May 14, 2014 |author=}} In the Greater Toronto Area, California Sandwiches is a chain specializing in beef, veal, and chicken parmesan sandwiches, so "California Sandwich" has become a generic term in that region. https://eatcalifornia.ca/our-story/

File:Chicken parmigiana.jpg

Chicken parmigiana was known in Australia by the 1950s, and is often called parma, parmi or parmy in modern Australian parlance; its name varies from region to region.{{Cite web |date=2022-07-23 |title=Is it chicken parmi or parma? Aussie dictionary update reignites the enduring food naming debate |url=https://www.smh.com.au/goodfood/eating-out/is-it-chicken-parmi-or-parma-aussie-dictionary-update-reignites-the-enduring-food-naming-debate-20220722-h2584o.html |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Good Food |language=en}}{{cite web |last=Dabelstein |first=Joshua |date=February 8, 2018 |title=The Great Australian Debate: Is It Chicken Parmi, Parmy or Parma? |url=https://newmatilda.com/2018/02/08/great-australian-debate-chicken-parmi-parmy-parma/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410114039/https://newmatilda.com/2018/02/08/great-australian-debate-chicken-parmi-parmy-parma/ |archive-date=10 April 2019 |access-date=April 18, 2019 |work=New Matilda}} It was offered in restaurants in Adelaide as early as 1953.{{cite news |date=November 28, 1953 |title=I Say |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58875263 |access-date=March 24, 2019 |newspaper=The Mail (Adelaide) |location=South Australia |page=55 |via=National Library of Australia |volume=43 |issue=2,164 |quote=They ask for steak and eggs, but change to Chicken Parmigiana when the waiter explains that it's chicken cooked in light wine and served with grated cheese.}} It is regularly served as a main meal throughout Australia, where it is considered a staple of pub food.{{cite news |last=Watson |first=Callie |date=August 14, 2010 |title=Changing tastes mean humble schnitzel now... More than just pub grub |page=43 |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |url=http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/humble-schnitzel-now-more-than-just-pub-grub/story-e6frea83-1225905074698 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016005350/http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/humble-schnitzel-now-more-than-just-pub-grub/story-e6frea83-1225905074698 |archive-date=16 October 2011}}{{cite news |last=Turner |first=Shaun |date=April 7, 2015 |title=Parmi-geddon: the five best (and worst) parmigianas in Perth |newspaper=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/your-perth/parmigeddon-the-five-best-and-worst-parmigianas-in-perth-20150501-1mfx1q.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924164245/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/your-perth/parmigeddon-the-five-best-and-worst-parmigianas-in-perth-20150501-1mfx1q.html |archive-date=24 September 2015}}{{cite news |url=http://www.think-tasmania.com/chicken-parmi-best-in-tassie-challenge/ |title=Chicken Parmi... Best in Tassie Challenge! |website=Think Tasmania |date=August 14, 2013 |first=Tania |last=Horne |access-date=August 1, 2015 |archive-date=June 7, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607043635/http://www.think-tasmania.com/chicken-parmi-best-in-tassie-challenge/ |url-status=dead }}{{cite news |last=Bochenski |first=Natalie |date=April 16, 2015 |title=Brisbane man Stephen Humphreys' quest to find the city's best Parmigiana |newspaper=Brisbane Times |url=http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/brisbane-man-stephen-humphreys-quest-to-find-the-citys-best-parmigiana-20150416-1mmpcl.html |url-status=live |access-date=August 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905035409/https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/brisbane-man-stephen-humphreys-quest-to-find-the-citys-best-parmigiana-20150416-1mmpcl.html |archive-date=5 September 2017}} In a 2019 interview that was broadcast on ABC Radio Hobart, food historian Jan O'Connell believes that chicken parmigiana did not become a pub staple until the 1980s; before that time, it was primarily served in restaurants.{{cite news |last=Burgess |first=Georgie |date=5 July 2019 |title=It's a pub staple across Australia, but how did the chicken parmigiana end up on the menu? |website=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-07-05/where-the-chicken-parmigiana-come-from/11277414 |url-status=live |access-date=25 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705003535/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-07-05/where-the-chicken-parmigiana-come-from/11277414 |archive-date=5 July 2019}}{{cite web |last=O'Connell |first=Jan |date=September 24, 1980 |title=1980 Chicken Parmigiana on the menu |url=https://australianfoodtimeline.com.au/1980-chicken-parmigiana-on-the-menu/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226074151/https://australianfoodtimeline.com.au/1980-chicken-parmigiana-on-the-menu/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |website=Australian food history timeline}}

Chicken parmigiana is typically served in Australia with a side of chips and salad, although there is some dispute as to whether the chips should be served under or next to the chicken.{{cite news |last=Cincotta |first=Liz |date=May 22, 2007 |title=Good parma |page=14 |newspaper=The Age |location=Melbourne, Victoria |url=http://newsstore.fairfax.com.au/apps/viewDocument.ac?sy=age&docID=AGE0705221B4SP2VT8EO |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117060256/http://newsstore.fairfax.com.au/apps/viewDocument.ac?sy=age&docID=AGE0705221B4SP2VT8EO |archive-date=17 November 2015}} Its popularity has led to a specialized chicken parmigiana restaurant opening in Melbourne, and chicken parmigiana is the subject of reviews on dedicated websites which compare the dish as purchased from various pubs within a region.{{cite news |last=Levin |first=Darren |date=August 7, 2004 |title=Keeping abreast of the Parma best |page=A2.2 |newspaper=The Age |location=Melbourne, Victoria |url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/08/04/1091557910488.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930014704/https://www.theage.com.au/lifestyle/keeping-abreast-of-the-parma-best-20040807-gdye76.html |archive-date=30 September 2018}}{{cite news |last=Fair |first=Alex |date=18 July 2012 |title=A group of Launceston friends are using their love of the good old chicken parmigianas to help boost the city's restaurant industry |page=7 |newspaper=The Examiner |location=Launceston, Tasmania |url=http://www.examiner.com.au/story/158503/challenge-on-to-find-perfect-parmi/ |url-status=live |access-date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121084549/https://www.examiner.com.au/story/158503/challenge-on-to-find-perfect-parmi/ |archive-date=21 January 2015}}{{cite news |last=Sinclair |first=Corey |date=May 6, 2015 |title=Territory patriots review chicken parmigianas with hilarious results |newspaper=Northern Territory News |url=http://www.ntnews.com.au/news/only-in-the-territory/territory-patriots-review-chicken-parmigianas-with-hilarious-results/story-fnk2tg5d-1227338609077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150814130435/http://www.ntnews.com.au/news/only-in-the-territory/territory-patriots-review-chicken-parmigianas-with-hilarious-results/story-fnk2tg5d-1227338609077 |archive-date=14 August 2015}}

In fusion cuisine, chicken parmesan has been modified to suit Asian taste preferences by the addition of a small amount of soy sauce (as a salt substitute) to the tomato-based sauce{{cite web |url=https://tasteasianfood.com/parmesan-crusted-chicken/ |title=Parmesan Crusted Chicken |date=June 1, 2020 |first=KP |last=Kwan |work=Taste of Asian Food}}{{cite AV media |url=https://www.facebook.com/mariongrasby/videos/marions-best-chicken-parmigiana/322419289080026/ |title=Marion's Best Chicken Parmigiana (video) |work=Marion's Kitchen |first=Marion |last=Grasby |author-link=Marion Grasby |date=September 6, 2020 |transcript-url=https://www.marionskitchen.com/amp/marions-best-chicken-parmigiana/ |transcript=Accompanying written recipe and descriptions}} and sometimes served with a side of rice or stir-fried noodles. This dish is sometimes marketed in English-speaking areas as chicken katsu parmesan.{{cite news |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2021/04/03/food/japanese-katsu-chicken-parmesan/ |title=Recipe: How to make Japanese katsu-style chicken Parmesan (with audio) |work=Japan Times |first=W. Tanner |last=Kirk |date=April 3, 2021}}{{cite web |url=https://www.idntimes.com/food/recipe/putriana-cahya/video-resep-chicken-katsu-parmesan-dengan-saus-marinara-endes-gila/2 |title=VIDEO: Resep Chicken Katsu Parmesan dengan Saus Marinara, Endes Gila! |work=IDN Times |date=14 Mar 2019 |language=ID |trans-title=VIDEO: Chicken Katsu Parmesan Recipe with Marinara Sauce, Crazy Ends!}} Sometimes, the soy sauce is added instead to the egg wash for the chicken.{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RDFa49VMLWQ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/RDFa49VMLWQ| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=Chicken Parmigiana (Katsu Style) - Cooking with Calin 2K |date=July 13, 2020 |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}

File:Venezia Chicken Pizzaiola.jpg, Italy]]

Aside from parmigiana, a dish using breaded eggplant slices instead of chicken, there are other similar dishes in Italy that use meat.

Pizzaiola is a dish derived from the Neapolitan tradition that features meat topped with cheese and often cooked with tomatoes, olive oil, garlic, and white wine. Beef is used most often but it can be made with chicken and pork as well.{{cite web |url=http://www.accademiaitalianacucina.it/it/content/carne-alla-pizzaiola |title=Carne Alla Pizzaiola |publisher=Accademia Italiana della Cucina |language=it |author= |access-date=April 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170414162529/http://www.accademiaitalianacucina.it/it/content/carne-alla-pizzaiola |archive-date=April 14, 2017 |url-status=dead }}

A similar dish using veal is known in Italian as cotoletta alla bolognese, which excludes tomato sauce but includes melted Parmesan cheese and prosciutto.{{cite web|url=https://www.accademiaitalianadellacucina.it/it/ricette/ricetta/cotoletta-alla-bolognese|title=Cotoletta alla bolognese|publisher=accademiaitalianadellacucina.it|language=it}} Costolette alla parmigiana is another similar veal dish, but in Italy it is generally served without sauce or cheese.

In England, parmo is a dish originating in Middlesbrough that typically consists of fried breaded chicken or pork topped with a white béchamel sauce and cheese instead of tomato sauce. Parmo may have originated from a dish that was similar to escalope parmesan, a derivative of chicken parmigiana.{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/insideout/content/articles/2007/11/01/northeast_parmo_s12_w8_feature.shtml |title=Teesside's fast food sensation |access-date=May 14, 2014 |publisher=BBC Inside Out North East |date=November 6, 2007 |author=}}{{Cite web |title=History of Parmo |url=https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/history/15575112.great-escalope---history-parmo-national-dish-teesside/}}

In Hungary, a chicken or pork cutlet breaded with a mix of flour and shredded potatoes, and topped with garlic, sour cream, and cheese is called mátrai borzaska ({{literally|scruffy from Mátra}}) or borzas for short.{{Cite web |url=http://www.femina.hu/recept/matrai_borzaska_recept |title=Az igazi mátrai borzaska receptje |first=Kancsár |last=Péter |date=October 11, 2013 |website=www.femina.hu |language=hu |trans-title=The recipe for the real mátrai borzaska |quote=Hozzávalók: 8 szelet sertéskaraj vagy csirkemell [Ingredients: 8 slices of pork loin or chicken breast]}}{{Cite web |url=https://sobors.hu/receptek/eredeti-matrai-borzaska-recept/ |title=Így készül az eredeti mátrai borzaska: megunhatatlan régi kedvenc |first=Botos |last=Claudia |date=August 14, 2022 |website=sobors.hu |language=hu |trans-title=This is how the original mátrai borzaska is made: an old favourite |quote=A mátrai borzaska vagy pusztapecsenye nagyon kiadós frissensült, melyet savanyúsággal vagy salátával érdemes fogyasztani. Az étel eredetileg sertéskarajból készül, de ha szeretnéd, csirke- vagy pulykahúsból is elkészítheted. [Mátra borzaska or pusztapecsenye is a very hearty fresh roast, which is worth eating with pickles or salad. The dish is originally made from pork loin, but if you like, you can also make it from chicken or turkey.]}}

In Argentina, a variation of milanesa a la napolitana is made with chicken instead of the usual beef, similar to chicken parmigiana.{{cite news |url=http://www.foxlife.tv/recetas/2103-milanesas-de-pollo-a-la-napolitana-light.html |title=Milanesas de pollo a la napolitana light |website=Fox Life |language=es |author= |date= |access-date=May 17, 2014 |archive-date=May 17, 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140517032639/http://www.foxlife.tv/recetas/2103-milanesas-de-pollo-a-la-napolitana-light.html |url-status=dead |trans-title=Light Neapolitan chicken Milanese}} It is sometimes topped with ham, bacon or a fried egg and is usually served with french fries.{{cite news |url=http://weblogs.clarin.com/revistaenie-nerdsallstar/2012/05/11/milanesa_napolitana/ |title=Milanesa napolitana |newspaper=Clarín (Argentine newspaper) |location=Buenos Aires, Argentina |date=May 11, 2012 |first=Marcelo |last=Pisarro |language=es |access-date=May 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517140858/http://weblogs.clarin.com/revistaenie-nerdsallstar/2012/05/11/milanesa_napolitana/ |archive-date=May 17, 2014 |url-status=dead }}{{cite news |url=http://www.elreporte.com.uy/milanesa-a-la-napolitana/ |title=Milanesa a la napolitana |date=April 25, 2013 |website=El Reporte |location=Montevideo, Uruguay |language=es |author=}}{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/suplementos/gastronomia/el-origen-de-la-milanesa-557404.html |title=El origen de la milanesa |newspaper=ABC Color |location=Asunción, Paraguay |date=April 13, 2013 |language=es |author= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517151454/http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/suplementos/gastronomia/el-origen-de-la-milanesa-557404.html |archive-date=May 17, 2014 |trans-title=The origin of Milanese}}

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