chondroglossus
{{Short description|Muscle of the tongue}}
{{Infobox muscle
| Name = Chondroglossus
| Latin = musculus chondroglossus
| Image = Gray1019.png
| Caption = Extrinsic muscles of the tongue. Left side.
| Origin =Lesser horn of hyoid bone
| Insertion =Intrinsic muscles of tongue
| Action = Assists hyoglossus in depressing tongue
| Blood =
| Nerve = Hypoglossal nerve
}}
The chondroglossus muscle is a muscle of the tongue. It arises from the medial side of the lesser horn of the hyoid bone, before blending with intrinsic muscles of the tongue. It is supplied by the hypoglossal nerve.
Structure
The chondroglossus muscle is about 2 cm long. It arises from the medial side and base of the lesser horn of the hyoid bone. It passes directly upward. It then inserts by blending with the intrinsic muscles of the tongue, between the hyoglossus and genioglossus.{{cite journal |vauthors=Ogata S, Mine K, Tamatsu Y, Shimada K |title=Morphological study of the human chondroglossus muscle in Japanese |journal=Annals of Anatomy |volume=184 |issue=5 |pages=493–9 |year=2002 |pmid=12392330 |doi=10.1016/S0940-9602(02)80087-5}}
The chondroglossus muscle is sometimes described as a part of the hyoglossus.{{Cite journal|last=Sakamoto|first=Yujiro|date=2017-05-01|title=Configuration of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue and their spatial interrelationships|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-016-1777-8|journal=Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy|language=en|volume=39|issue=5|pages=497–506|doi=10.1007/s00276-016-1777-8|issn=1279-8517}} However, is separated from it by fibers of the genioglossus, which pass to the side of the pharynx.
= Nerve supply =
The chondroglossus muscle is supplied by the first lateral branch of the hypoglossal nerve. Some studies have found that it does not contain proprioceptive spindles to determine stretch.{{Cite journal|last=Kubota|first=Kinziro|last2=Negishi|first2=Takayasu|last3=Masegi|first3=Toshiaki|date=1975|title=Topological Distribution of Muscle Spindles in the Human Tongue and Its Significance in Proprioception|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/btmd/22/3/22_220305/_article/-char/ja|journal=The Bulletin of Tokyo Medical and Dental University|volume=22|issue=3|pages=235–242|doi=10.11480/btmd.220305}}
Clinical significance
The chondroglossus muscle may be cut in the suprahyoid release surgery, which can be used during resection of the trachea.{{Cite journal|last=Kubota|first=Kinziro|last2=Negishi|first2=Takayasu|last3=Masegi|first3=Toshiaki|date=1975|title=Topological Distribution of Muscle Spindles in the Human Tongue and Its Significance in Proprioception|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/btmd/22/3/22_220305/_article/-char/ja/|journal=The Bulletin of Tokyo Medical and Dental University|volume=22|issue=3|pages=235–242|doi=10.11480/btmd.220305}}
Additional images
File:Gray186.png|Hyoid bone. Anterior surface. Enlarged.
References
{{Gray's}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Muscles of head}}
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