choultry

File:1792 painting of a Hindu temple and choultry (a travellers' rest house), Binjaveram Tinnevelly district, Tamil Nadu India.jpg

Choultry is a resting place, an inn or caravansary for travelers, pilgrims or visitors to a site, typically linked to Buddhist, Jain and Hindu temples. They are also referred to as {{Transliteration|hi|italic=no|chottry, choultree, chathra, choltry, chowry, chawari, chawadi, choutry, chowree or tschultri}}.[https://books.google.com/books?id=F4sSAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA244 The Stanford Dictionary of Anglicised Words and Phrases Edited for the Syndics of the University Press] by Charles Augustus Maude Fennell, John Frederick Stanford, pages 244, 235, 242, 781{{cite book|author=Hermann Goetz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LH1pAFJEo0AC|title=India: Five Thousand Years of Indian Art|publisher=Crown|year=1959|page=183}}, Quote: "Here pilgrims could rest, or look at the processions, or buy house-idols, lamps, rosaries or various souvenirs. These mandapas (or chavadi, choultry) are of two types: (...)"

This term is more common in South India, Central India and West India, while in North India similar facilities are called Dharmshalas. They are known as a chatra, satram, chatram or dharmasala in eastern regions of India.{{cite book|author=James Lochtefeld|title=God's Gateway: Identity and Meaning in a Hindu Pilgrimage Place|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zYB2CAAAQBAJ&pg=PT103|year=2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-045264-3}}{{cite book|author=Surinder M. Bhardwaj|title=Hindu Places of Pilgrimage in India: A Study in Cultural Geography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D6XJFokSJzEC&pg=PA219|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04951-2|pages=219 footnote 4}}{{cite book|author=S. M. Dubey|title=North East India: A Sociological Study|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HkR4Fv37URkC&pg=PA193|year=1978|publisher=Concept |page=193}};
The choultry concept and infrastructure in South Asia dates back to at least the 1st millennium, according to epigraphical evidence such as stone and copper plate inscriptions.{{cite book|author=Robert Sewell|title=Lists of the Antiquarian Remains in the Presidency of Madras|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/listsantiquaria00sewegoog|publisher=Government Press|pages=[https://archive.org/details/listsantiquaria00sewegoog/page/n304 289]–290, 104, 115, 122, 123–125}}{{cite book|author=Ramendra Nath Nandi|title=Religious Institutions and Cults in the Deccan, c. AD 600-1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7HRgstuWe6EC&pg=PA8|year=1973|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-0-8426-0564-9|pages=7–9, 79–83}}

A choultry provides seating space, rooms, water and sometimes food financed by a charitable institution. Its services are either at no cost, or nominal rates, or it is up to the visitor to leave whatever they wish as a donation. They were also used by officials traveling on public business. Many major temples have mandapam and pillared halls, some called Thousand pillared halls with an attached kitchen for servicing pilgrims and travelers to the temple. The term choultry may overlap with a mandapa.[https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/choultry Choultry], Merriam-Webster{{cite book|author1=Veronica Murphy|author2=Mildred Archer|author3=Graham Parlett|title=Company Paintings: Indian Paintings of the British Period|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hYlHAQAAIAAJ|year=1992|publisher=Victoria and Albert Museum|pages=40–41|isbn=9780944142301 }} Many Hindu monasteries (matha) also built and operated such choultries.{{cite book|author=Office of the Registrar General of India|title=Census of India, 1961|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_dAcAQAAMAAJ|year=1965|publisher=Manager of Publications|pages=2, 111–112}}