clopenthixol
{{Short description|Antipsychotic medication}}
{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 306839864
| IUPAC_name = (E,Z)-2-[4-[3-(2-chlorothioxanthen-9-ylidene) propyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanol
| image = Clopenthixol structure.svg
| width = 280
| caption =
| tradename =
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration = Oral
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound =
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life =
| excretion =
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CAS_number = 982-24-1
| ATC_prefix = N05
| ATC_suffix = AF02
| PubChem = 12454
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 53904
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 11945
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 0A432D932A
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
| KEGG = D02613
| index2_label = E
| CAS_number2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CAS_number2 = 53772-84-2
| UNII2_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII2 = FLE878A8ZI
| C=22 | H=25 | Cl=1 | N=2 | O=1 | S=1
| smiles = Clc2cc1C(c3c(Sc1cc2)cccc3)=CCCN4CCN(CCO)CC4
}}
Clopenthixol (Sordinol), also known as clopentixol, is a typical antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthene class. It was introduced by Lundbeck in 1961.{{cite book | vauthors = Sneader W | title = Drug discovery: a history | publisher = Wiley | location = New York | year = 2005 | page = 410 | isbn = 0-471-89980-1 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Cb6BOkj9fK4C&pg=PA410}}
Clopenthixol is a mixture of cis and trans isomers. Zuclopenthixol, the pure cis isomer, was later introduced by Lundbeck in 1962,{{cite book | vauthors = Vela JM, Buschmann H, Holenz J, Párraga A, Torrens A | title = Antidepressants, Antipsychotics, Anxiolytics: From Chemistry and Pharmacology to Clinical Application | publisher = Wiley-VCH | location = Weinheim | year = 2007 | page = 516 | isbn = 978-3-527-31058-6 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=yXD4QA-Y_Z0C&q=thioxanthene%201965%20pfizer&pg=PA516 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} and has been much more widely used. Both drugs are equally effective as antipsychotics and have similar adverse effect profiles, but clopenthixol is half as active on a milligram-to-milligram basis and appears to produce more sedation in comparison.{{cite journal | vauthors = Gravem A, Engstrand E, Guleng RJ | title = Cis(Z)-clopenthixol and clopenthixol (Sordinol) in chronic psychotic patients. A double-blind clinical investigation | journal = Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica | volume = 58 | issue = 5 | pages = 384–388 | date = November 1978 | pmid = 362830 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1978.tb03570.x | s2cid = 44833311 }}
Clopenthixol is not approved for use in the United States.
{{Pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable antipsychotics}}
References
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External links
- {{MeshName|Clopenthixol}}
{{Antipsychotics}}
{{Adrenergics}}
{{Cholinergics}}
{{Dopaminergics}}
{{Serotonergics}}
{{Piperazines}}
{{Tricyclics}}
Category:Hydroxyethyl compounds
Category:Thioxanthene antipsychotics
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