cocycle

{{Short description|Closed cochain}}

{{One source|date=October 2022}}

In mathematics a cocycle is a closed cochain. Cocycles are used in algebraic topology to express obstructions (for example, to integrating a differential equation on a closed manifold). They are likewise used in group cohomology. In autonomous dynamical systems, cocycles are used to describe particular kinds of map, as in Oseledets theorem.{{cite web | url=https://encyclopediaofmath.org/wiki/Cocycle | title=Cocycle - Encyclopedia of Mathematics }}

Definition

=Algebraic Topology=

Let X be a CW complex and C^n(X) be the singular cochains with coboundary map d^n: C^{n-1}(X) \to C^n(X). Then elements of \text{ker }d are cocycles. Elements of \text{im } d are coboundaries. If \varphi is a cocycle, then d \circ \varphi = \varphi \circ \partial =0 , which means cocycles vanish on boundaries. {{Cite book|first=Allen|last=Hatcher|authorlink=Allen Hatcher|url=https://pi.math.cornell.edu/~hatcher/AT/ATpage.html|title=Algebraic Topology|date=2002|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521795401|edition= 1st|location=Cambridge|language=English|mr=1867354|page=198}}

See also

References