crinum

File:Crinum thaianum in Thailand.jpg

File:Starr-150403-0353-Crinum asiaticum-flowering habit with Red Tailed Tropicbirds-Near Pier Eastern Island-Midway Atoll (24649621203).jpg in Hawaii]]

Crinum are bulbous perennial herbsCrinum in Flora of China @ efloras.org. (n.d.). Retrieved January 27, 2025, from http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=108369 with tunicate bulbsH.J. Hewson. Crinum, in (ed.), Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Crinum [Date Accessed: 27 January 2025] and basal, glabrous,Western Australian Herbarium & Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions. (n.d.-a). Crinum L. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://florabase.dbca.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/21237 annual to perennial leaves.Crinum. (n.d.). VicFlora Flora of Victoria. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/032b13e8-28e9-47de-b460-2efd1317b354 These bulbs can be very large. A species which Chitendon and Synge list as Crinum crassipes (a synonym of Crinum variabile{{cite web | title=Crinum variabile (Jacq.) Herb. | website=Plants of the World Online | date=2007-09-26 | url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:64103-1 | access-date=2025-06-10}}) can have a bulb {{cvt|0.9|m}} high and {{cvt|25|cm}} thick.,{{cite book | last1=Chitendon | first1=Fred J. |last2= Synge | first2= Patrick M. | date= 1965 | title= Royal Hort. Soc. Dictionary of Gardening| location= Oxford, Eng. | publisher= Clarendon Press | page= 574}} exceeded only by Worsleya procera.

File:Crinum stuhlmannii - fruits (11774068955).jpg

File:Crinum x amabile (flower) in Costa Rica.jpg

File:Starr 070124-3884 Crinum sp..jpg

The bisexual, sessile or pedicellate, zygomorphic or actinomorphic flowers are borne one umbellate or solitary inflorescences with solid scapes.

Cytological studies have shown that 27 species of Crinum are diploid, having a typical chromosome count of 2n = 22. Abilio Fernandes found that the Orange River Crinum bulbispermum had a count of 2n = 66, and some desert Crinum macowanii 2n = 44. These polyploid species produce seeds that are often parthenogenetic triploid or diploids, lack vigour and seldom grow to mature plants.{{Cite web |url=http://www.crinum.org/review.html |title=A Systematic Revision of the Genus Crinum |access-date=2012-02-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208132830/http://www.crinum.org/review.html |archive-date=2012-02-08 |url-status=dead }}

It was published by Carl Linnaeus in 1753.Linné, Carl von, & Salvius, Lars. (1753). Caroli Linnaei ... Species plantarum :exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas... (Vol. 1, p. 291). Impensis Laurentii Salvii. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358310 The lectotype Crinum americanum {{small|L.}} was designated in 1923.

{{Main|List of Crinum species|l1=List of Crinum species}}

{{As of|2014|July}}, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families lists 105 species of Crinum.{{Citation |contribution=Search for Crinum|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |contribution-url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Crinum |access-date=2014-07-07 }} Amongst these are:

• Crinum americanum L. – southern swamplily, seven sisters
• Crinum asiaticum L. – poisonbulb
• Crinum bulbispermum (Burm.f.) Milne-Redh. & Schweick. – hardy swamplily
• Crinum latifolium L.
• Crinum macowanii Baker
• Crinum moorei Hook.f.
• Crinum pedunculatum R.Br., syn. C. asiaticum var. pedunculatum – swamplily, river lily or spider lily
• Crinum thaianum Schulze – onion plant
• Crinum viviparum (Lam.) R.Ansari & V.J.Nair – Indian Subcontinent to Indo-China

• Agapanthus africanus (L.) Hoffmanns. (as C. africanum L.)
• Ammocharis heterostyla (Bullock) Milne-Redh. & Schweick. (as C. heterostylum Bullock)
• Cyrtanthus angustifolius (L.f.) Aiton (as C. angustifolius L.f.)
• Cyrtanthus elatus (Jacq.) Traub (as C. speciosum L.f.)
• Cyrtanthus obliquus (L.f.) Aiton (as C. obliquum L.f.)
• Hippeastrum argentinum (Pax) Hunz. (as C. argentinum Pax)
• Urceolina urceolata (Ruiz & Pav.) Asch. & Graebn. (as C. urceolatum Ruiz & Pav.){{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?3075 |title=GRIN Species Records of Crinum |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |access-date=2011-02-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090120131818/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?3075 |archive-date=2009-01-20 |url-status=dead }}

• × Amarcrinum hybridised with Amaryllis
• C. × powellii{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Crinum × powellii|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=578|access-date=17 June 2013}} (garden hybrid between C. bulbispermum and C. moorei) - pale pink, fragrant, lily-like flowers produced in late summer
• C. × powellii 'Album'{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Crinum × powellii 'Album'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=2550|access-date=17 June 2013}} (white flowered cultivar)

The generic name Crinum comes from the Ancient Greek κρίνον (krinon), meaning lily, via the Latin crinum.{{cite web |title=crinum |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/crinum |website=Merriam-Webster Dictionary |access-date=25 November 2024}}

Several species are used in aquariums and in aquascaping. These include Crinum calamistratum, Crinum malabaricum, Crinum natans, and Crinum thaianum.{{cite book |last1=Kasselmann |first1=Christel |title=Aquarium Plants |date=2020 |location=Teltow, Germany |isbn=978-3-00-064912-7 |pages=210–214}}

Image:Crinum moorei close.jpg|Crinum moorei

Image:Crinum moorei whole.jpg|Crinum moorei at Strybing Arboretum, San Francisco

Image:Crinum ornatum MS 1724.jpg|Crinum ornatum, SW Burkina Faso

File:Crinum species W IMG_1103.jpg|Crinum species in Hyderabad, India

File:Queen Emma Lily (a0003184).jpg|Queen Emma lily (Crinum augustum or Crinum amabile var. augustum) in Hawaiʻi

File:Crinum Lily 'Ellen Bosanquet'.jpg|Crinum 'Ellen Bosanquet'

• List of plants known as lily

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• {{cite journal |editor1-last=Germishuizen |editor1-first=G. |editor2-last=Meyer |editor2-first=N.L. |title=Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist |url=http://planet.botany.uwc.ac.za/NISL/Biodiversity/Attachments/Plants%20of%20SA.pdf |journal=Strelitzia |date=2003 |volume=14 |issue=i-vi |pages=1–1231 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110627000657/http://planet.botany.uwc.ac.za/NISL/Biodiversity/Attachments/Plants%20of%20SA.pdf |archive-date=2011-06-27 }} ([http://posa.sanbi.org/intro_posa.php online version])

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{{Commons category|Crinum}}

{{Wikispecies|Crinum}}

• {{cite EB1911|wstitle=Crinum |volume=7 |short=x}}
• [http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Crinum Pacific Bulb Society Crinum Page, includes links to photographs]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20060205230607/http://crinum.iconx.com/ Crinums In East Texas: Notes From Marcelle Sheppard, includes links to photographs, cultural information, and hybridizing results]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110321094724/http://www.bulbsociety.org/GALLERY_OF_THE_WORLDS_BULBS/GRAPHICS/Crinum/Crinumlist.shtml Bulbsociety]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20071013000710/http://www.crinum.org/ The Genus Crinum]
• [http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantcd/crinum.htm African Crinums]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110321094724/http://www.bulbsociety.org/GALLERY_OF_THE_WORLDS_BULBS/GRAPHICS/Crinum/Crinumlist.shtml Bulb Society]
• [https://archive.today/20140113102745/http://www.plantdelights.com/index/page/category/category_id/653/name/Crinum-Photo-Gallery Juniper Level Botanic Garden Crinum Photo Gallery]

{{WestAfricanPlants|Crinum}}

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Category:Amaryllidaceae genera

Category:Pantropical flora