cultural intelligence
{{Short description|Ability to function in diverse settings}}
{{globalize|date=April 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
Cultural intelligence or cultural quotient (CQ), refers to an individual's capability to function effectively in culturally diverse settings. The concept was introduced by London Business School professor P. Christopher Earley and Nanyang Business School professor Soon Ang in 2003.{{cite book |last=Earley |first=P. Christopher |title=Cultural intelligence: individual interactions across cultures |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-8047-4300-6 |location=Stanford, Calif |oclc=51553576}}{{cite book|last=Earley|first=P. Christopher|editor=B. M. Staw|others=R. M. Kramer|title=Research in Organizational Behavior|volume=24|year=2002|publisher=Elsevier|location=Oxford|pages=271–99|chapter=Redefining interactions across cultures and organizations: moving forward with cultural intelligence}}
While cultural intelligence is comparable to emotional intelligence (EQ), individuals with a high EQ can grasp "what makes us human and, at the same time, what makes each of us different from one another." In contrast, individuals with a high CQ can discern universal, individual, and non-idiosyncratic features within the behavior of a person or group.{{Cite news |last=Earley |first=P. Christopher |last2=Mosakowski |first2=Elaine |date=2004-10-01 |title=Cultural Intelligence |work=Harvard Business Review |url=https://hbr.org/2004/10/cultural-intelligence |access-date=2023-10-29 |issn=0017-8012}} The authors cited cognitive, behavioral, motivational, and metacognitive (higher-level reflection) aspects of cultural intelligence.{{cite book |last=Earley |first=P. Christopher |title=Research in Organizational Behavior |publisher=Elsevier |others=R. M. Kramer |year=2002 |editor=B. M. Staw |volume=24 |location=Oxford |pages=271–99 |chapter=Redefining interactions across cultures and organizations: moving forward with cultural intelligence}}
Four CQ capabilities
The authors described four CQ capabilities: motivation (CQ Drive), cognition (CQ Knowledge), meta-cognition (CQ Strategy), and behavior (CQ Action). CQ Assessments report scores on all four capabilities as well as several sub-dimensions for each capability.{{cite book|last=Livermore|first=David|title=Leading with Cultural Intelligence|year=2009|publisher=AMACOM|location=New York|isbn= 978-0814449172}} Among the four capabilities, motivational CQ, or the interest and enjoyment in cross-cultural interactions, has been identified as a key resource or determinant that enhances personal functioning in cross-cultural environments, leading to improved intercultural adjustment and performance.{{Cite journal |last=Puzzo |first=Gabriele |last2=Sbaa |first2=Maha Yomn |last3=Zappalà |first3=Salvatore |last4=Pietrantoni |first4=Luca |date=2024-02-01 |title=The impact of cultural intelligence on burnout among practitioners working with migrants: an examination of age, gender, training, and language proficiency |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12144-023-04641-x |journal=Current Psychology |language=en |volume=43 |issue=5 |pages=4443–4457 |doi=10.1007/s12144-023-04641-x |issn=1936-4733|hdl=11585/925128 |hdl-access=free }}
See also
- {{annotated link|Cosmopolitanism}}
- {{annotated link|Cultural anthropology}}
- {{annotated link|Intercultural communication}}
- {{annotated link|Intercultural competence}}
- {{annotated link|Intelligence cycle}}
- {{annotated link|Multiculturalism}}
- {{annotated link|Organizational culture}}
References
{{reflist}}
Further reading
- {{cite book |last1=Earley |first1=P. Christopher |author2=Ang, S. |title=Cultural intelligence: individual interactions across cultures |publisher=Stanford University Press |location=Stanford, Calif |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-8047-4300-6 |oclc=51553576}}
- {{cite journal|last=Bhagat|first=Rabi S.|year=2006|title=Review of Earley and Ang, Cultural Intelligence, and Hooker, Working Across Cultures|journal=Academy of Management Review|volume=31|issue=2|pages=489–93|doi=10.5465/amr.2006.20208695|jstor=20159217}}
- Ang, S. and Van Dyne L (eds). (2008) "The Handbook of Cultural Intelligence." New York: ME Sharpe {{ISBN|9780765622624}}
- Livermore, David A. (2011). "The Cultural Intelligence Difference." New York: AMACOM {{ISBN|978-0814417065}}
- Middleton, Julia (2014). "Cultural Intelligence: CQ: The Competitive Edge for Leaders Crossing Borders." London: A&C Black Business Information and Development {{ISBN|978-1472904812}}
{{Culture}}
{{Intelligence cycle management}}