death of Sahar Khodayari

{{Infobox person

| honorific_prefix =

| name = Sahar Khodayari

| honorific_suffix =

| image = Sahar_Khodayari,_Blue_girl_2.jpg

| landscape =

| alt =

| caption =

| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|fa|سحر خدایاری}}}}

| native_name_lang = fa

| pronunciation =

| birth_name =

| birth_date = {{circa|1990}}

| birth_place = Salm, Iran{{cite news |title=Who is Sahar Khodayari? The Death of the Blue Girl brought up a wave of empathy |url=https://www.bbc.com/persian/iran-features-49681697 |access-date=14 September 2019 |agency=BBC|language= Persian |date=14 September 2019}}

| disappeared_date =

| disappeared_place =

| disappeared_status =

| death_date = {{Death date and age|2019|9|9|1990|df=y}}

| death_place = Tehran, Iran

| death_cause = Suicide by self-immolation

| body_discovered =

| resting_place = Behesht-e Fatemeh, Qom (Iran)

| resting_place_coordinates =

| burial_place =

| burial_coordinates =

| monuments =

| alma_mater = BSE (Computer Engineering)
BA (English Interpretation)

| occupation =

| years_active =

| era =

| employer =

| organization =

| agent =

| known_for = Protesting Iranian governmental restrictions on women

| notable_works =

| title =

| criminal_charge = Attempted entry into male-only Azadi Stadium

| criminal_penalty = Six months' imprisonment (not confirmed)

| criminal_status =

| spouse =

| partner =

| children =

| parents =

| mother =

| father =

| relatives =

| family =

| callsign =

| awards =

| website =

| module =

| module2 =

| module3 =

| module4 =

| module5 =

| module6 =

| signature =

| signature_size =

| signature_alt =

| footnotes =

}}

Sahar Khodayari ({{langx|fa|سحر خدایاری}} {{IPA|fa|sæhær xodɒjɒriː| }}; {{Circa|1990}} – 9 September 2019), also known as the Blue Girl,{{efn|Blue is Esteghlal's jersey colour}} was an Iranian football fan who self-immolated in Tehran to protest the national laws banning females from attending sports events and entering stadiums since the Islamic Revolution. She was a fan of Esteghlal F.C., and in March 2019, she attempted to gain entry at the male-only Azadi Stadium while disguised as a man to watch a match played by the team. On 2 September 2019, she was told by the Islamic Revolutionary Court that she may face a six-month prison sentence. After leaving court, she died by suicide through self-immolation in front of the building,{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/sep/10/iranian-female-football-fan-who-self-immolated-outside-court-dies|title=Iranian female football fan who self-immolated outside court dies|last=Safi|first=Michael|date=2019-09-10|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-09-10|publisher=Associated Press|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.itv.com/news/2019-09-10/iranian-football-fan-known-as-blue-girl-dies-week-after-setting-herself-on-fire/|title=Iranian football fan dubbed 'Blue Girl' arrested for trying to watch men's game dies week after setting herself on fire|website=ITV News|language=en|access-date=2019-09-10}} succumbing to her injuries a week later. Khodayari's politicized suicide has generated much debate in Iran about the government's restrictions on women.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-49646879|title=Iran's 'blue girl' dies after setting herself on fire|work=BBC News |date=10 September 2019 |language=en}}

FIFA, after Iran was chosen to host select qualifier games for the 2022 FIFA World Cup, stated that the Iranian government must allow women into the stadium to see those international football matches. Iran guaranteed such entry for the first time after 40 years, one month after Sahar's death.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/oct/09/iranian-women-allowed-to-watch-football-at-stadium-for-first-time-in-decades|title=Iranian women allowed to watch football at stadium for first time in decades|website=The Guardian|date=9 October 2019 |language=en|agency=Agence France-Presse }}

Incident and suicide

Sahar Khodayari was born in 1990 to a family in Salm, Kiar County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. Her family includes a sister. The family later lived in Tehran. Khodayari graduated from university with degrees in English and in computer sciences. As a young woman she became a fan of the game of football. She was identified as "Blue Girl" on social media, after the colors of her favorite club, Esteghlal FC, based in Tehran.

In March 2019 Khodayari tried to enter Azadi Stadium to watch an AFC Champions League match between Esteghlal and Al Ain FC. Because women in Iran have been prohibited since 1981 from attending football matches, she disguised herself as a man to enter undetected. (Women may attend other sports, such as volleyball matches.) But the security guards noticed Khodayari and arrested her for violating the prohibition; they took her to the local NAJA. She was held for three nights in jail before being released on bail, pending her court case.

According to Amnesty International, Sahar Khodayari was ordered six months later to attend a Revolutionary Court in Tehran on 2 September 2019 to give a reason for her attempt to enter the stadium. She was charged with "openly committing a sinful act by appearing in public without a hijab" and "insulting officials". While no verdict was delivered in her case because the judge was unavailable, she was reportedly told she might face a six-month jail sentence. After Khodayari left the court, she poured petrol on herself and set herself on fire outside the courthouse.{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/09/iran-shocking-death-of-football-fan-who-set-herself-on-fire-exposes-impact-of-contempt-for-womens-rights/|title=Iran: Shocking death of football fan who set herself on fire|website=www.amnesty.org|date=10 September 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-09-10}}

She died in hospital one week later due to third-degree burns that she had suffered (approximately 90% of her skin surface area had been affected).{{cite web|url=https://iranintl.com/ايران/دختر-آبی-یک-هفته-پس-از-خودسوزی-اعتراضی-درگذشت|title=دختر آبی یک هفته پس از خودسوزی اعتراضی درگذشت|date=2019-09-10|publisher=Iran International|language=fa|trans-title=Blue Girl passed away one week after self-immolation}}{{cite news|url=https://www.radiofarda.com/a/The-young-female-football-fan-who-sets-herself-on-fire-passed-away/30155487.html|title="دختر آبی" درگذشت|newspaper=رادیو فردا |date=2019-09-09|publisher=Radio Farda|language=fa|trans-title=Blue Girl Passed Away.|last1=فردا |first1=رادیو }}{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/persian/iran-49642578|title=دختر آبی؛ عشق فوتبالی که سوخت و سوزاند|date=2019-09-09|publisher=BBC Persian|language=fa}} According to DW, the six-month jail sentence had been affirmed while she was in hospital.{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-female-soccer-fan-dies-after-setting-herself-on-fire/a-50371223|title=Iran: Female soccer fan dies after setting herself on fire|work=DW|last1=von Hein|first1=Shabnam|last2=agencies|date=n.d.|access-date=30 September 2019}}

In October 2019, Iranian women were allowed to attend a football match in Iran for the first time in 40 years.{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-soccer-women/iranian-women-attend-first-soccer-match-in-40-years-idUSKBN1WP1QZ|title=Iranian women attend first soccer match in 40 years|work=Reuters|date=10 October 2019 }} However, in 2022, Iranian women were blocked from entering the stadium for a World Cup qualifier.{{cite web | url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/03/31/iran-women-blocked-entering-stadium | title=Iran: Women Blocked from Entering Stadium | date=31 March 2022 }}

Reactions

= National =

Gholam Hossein Ismaili, the spokesman of the judicial system of Iran, claimed that Sahar Khodayari had not been convicted nor sentenced to 6 months' imprisonment, as was reported.{{cite news |title=سخنگوی قوه قضائیه ایران: سحر خدایاری به اشتباه خود اعتراف کرده بود |url=https://www.bbc.com/persian/iran-49699528 |newspaper=BBC News فارسی |access-date=14 September 2019}}{{cite web |title=حمله سخنگوی قوه قضاییه به "دختر آبی" یک هفته بعد از مرگ او؛ "تعادل روانی نداشت" |url=https://ir.voanews.com/a/iran-blue-girl/5083554.html |website=voanews |date=14 September 2019 |access-date=14 September 2019}}{{cite web |title=سخنگوی قوه قضائيه: برای سحر خدایاری حکمی صادر نشده بود |url=https://www.dw.com/fa-ir/%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%DB%8C-%D9%82%D9%88%D9%87-%D9%82%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%B1-%D8%AE%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF/a-50432738 |website=dw |access-date=14 September 2019}}
In an interview with the state-owned TV, before her family was told not to speak to the media, her sister had said that Khodayari was receiving treatment for mental illness. There were rumors that she had tried to kill herself while in university. Because of this, authorities might have reduced charges against her, if they had chosen to do so.
Ali Karimi said that Iranians should "boycott football matches to protest Khodayari's death."{{cite web |title=Iranian woman accused of attending soccer game dies after lighting self on fire |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/iranian-woman-accused-of-attending-soccer-game-dies-after-lighting-self-on-fire/|website=Times of Israel}}

= Worldwide =

FIFA made a statement about Khodayari's death: "We are aware of that tragedy and deeply regret it."{{cite web |title=FIFA statement |url=https://twitter.com/IranIntl/status/1171418619387027457 |website=Iran International |publisher=Twitter |access-date=2019-09-10}}{{cite web |title=فیفا: از این تراژدی آگاه و متاسفیم |date=10 September 2019 |url=https://iranintl.com/ايران/فیفا-در-پاسخ-به-ایران-اینترنشنال-درمورد-درگذشت-دختر-آبی-از-این-تراژدی-آگاه-و-متاسفیم |publisher=Iran International |access-date=2019-09-10 |language=fa | trans-title=FIFA: We Are Aware Of That Tragedy And Deeply Regret It.}} Iran has been chosen to host 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification matches and FIFA has said the country must provide for free entry of women to those international matches.{{Cite magazine|url=https://time.com/5683512/fifa-women-iran-football/|title=FIFA Says Women 'Have to Be Allowed' Into Iran's Soccer Stadiums|magazine=Time|language=en}}
Amnesty International said, "What happened to Sahar Khodayari is heart-breaking and exposes the impact of the Iranian authorities' appalling contempt for women's rights in the country."{{citation|website=Amnesty International|access-date=Sep 10, 2019|title=Iran: Shocking death of football fan who set herself on fire exposes impact of contempt for women's rights|date=Sep 10, 2019|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/09/iran-shocking-death-of-football-fan-who-set-herself-on-fire-exposes-impact-of-contempt-for-womens-rights/}}
A spokesman for the U.S. Department of State said: "The death of the Blue Girl, Sahar Khodayari, is another proof for the fact that the Iranian people are the greatest victims of the Islamic regime."{{Cite web|url=https://ir.voanews.com/a/iran-us-women-rights/5078250.html|title=واکنش وزارت خارجه آمریکا به مرگ "دختر آبی": بزرگترین قربانیان جمهوری اسلامی مردم ایران هستند|website=صدای آمریکا|date=11 September 2019 |language=fa|access-date=2019-09-11}}
On 12 September 2019 an arrest warrant was issued for Saba Kamali, an Iranian actress, after her post on Instagram in support of Khodayari. She had published an imaginary dialogue with Husayn ibn Ali questioning the relevance of the ceremonial Ashura event compared to Iran's discriminatory laws.{{cite web|url= https://www.bbc.com/persian/iran-49670709/|title= 'دستور بازداشت' یک هنرپیشه زن در ایران به اتهام 'توهین به امام حسین' |date= September 12, 2019|website= bbc.com}}
According to France 24, Iranian football fans reacted with shock and anger following Khodayari's death.{{Cite web|url=https://observers.france24.com/en/20190910-iran-bluegirl-dies-fire-football-protest|title=Iran's #BlueGirl dies after setting herself on fire in football-ban protest|website=The France 24 Observers|date=10 September 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-09-14}} By using #BanIRSportsFederations, Iranians called for the Islamic regime's sports federations to be banned from participating in world sport.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-49607292|title=Iranians call for world sport ban - on Iran – BBC News|last=|first=|work=BBC News |date=6 September 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190907002251/https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-49607292 |archive-date=2019-09-07 |access-date=}}
Some local football stars and known figures responded to Khodayari's death with public statements.{{Cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/iran-blue-girl-female-soccer-fan-dies-fire|title=Iranian female soccer fan 'blue girl' dies after setting herself on fire|last=Fedschun|first=Travis|date=2019-09-10|website=Fox News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-10}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.aftonbladet.se/a/kJXWxk|title=Fotbollssupporten Sahar död i Iran|website=Aftonbladet|date=10 September 2019 |language=sv|access-date=2019-09-10}}

Film

The Recess{{Citation |last=Azad |first=Navid Nikkhah |title=The Recess |date=2021-03-24 |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt12367810/ |type=Short, Drama |publisher=MoviBeta,, Shamid Films |access-date=2022-07-05}} is an Iran-Spain short film inspired by the story of Sahar Khodayari. Directed by Navid Nikkhah Azad, The Recess has been screened in more than 160 international film festivals including FIAPF-accredited, Oscar and Goya Awards qualifying festivals and has won 32 awards.{{Citation |title=The Recess - IMDb |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt12367810/awards/ |access-date=2022-07-05}} {{better source needed|date=July 2022}}