dual resonance model

In theoretical physics, a dual resonance model arose during the early investigation (1968–1973) of string theory as an S-matrix theory of the strong interaction.

Overview

The dual resonance model was based upon the observation that the amplitudes for the s-channel scatterings matched exactly with the amplitudes for the t-channel scatterings among mesons and also the Regge trajectory. It began with the Euler beta function model of Gabriele Veneziano in 1968 for a 4-particle amplitude which has the property that it is explicitly s–t crossing symmetric, exhibits duality between the description in terms of Regge poles or of resonances, and provides a closed-form solution to non-linear finite-energy sum rules relating s- and t- channels.

The Veneziano formula was quickly generalized to an equally consistent N-particle amplitude{{cite journal | last1=Koba | first1=Z. | last2=Nielsen | first2=H.B. | title=Reaction amplitude for n-mesons a generalization of the Veneziano-Bardakçi-Ruegg-Virasoro model | journal=Nuclear Physics B | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=10 | issue=4 | year=1969 | issn=0550-3213 | doi=10.1016/0550-3213(69)90331-9 | pages=633–655}} for which Yoichiro Nambu,Nambu, Y. (1970). "Quark model and the factorization of the Veneziano amplitude." In R. Chand (ed.), Symmetries and quark models (pp. 269–277). Singapore: World Scientific. Holger Bech Nielsen,Nielsen, H. B. "An almost physical interpretation of the dual N point function." Nordita preprint (1969); unpublished. and Leonard Susskind{{cite journal | last=Susskind | first=Leonard |author-link=Leonard Susskind| title=Structure of Hadrons Implied by Duality | journal=Physical Review D | publisher=American Physical Society (APS) | volume=1 | issue=4 | date=1970-02-15 | issn=0556-2821 | doi=10.1103/physrevd.1.1182 | pages=1182–1186}} provided a physical interpretation in terms of an infinite number of simple harmonic oscillators describing the motion of an extended one-dimensional string, hence came the name "string theory."

The study of dual resonance models was a relatively popular subject of study between 1968 and 1973.Rickles 2014, pp. 5–6, 44. It was even taught briefly as a graduate level course at MIT, by Sergio Fubini and Veneziano, who co-authored an early article.{{cite journal | last1=Fubini | first1=S. | last2=Veneziano | first2=G. | title=Level structure of dual-resonance models | journal=Il Nuovo Cimento A | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=64 | issue=4 | year=1969 | issn=0369-3546 | doi=10.1007/bf02758835 | pages=811–840| s2cid=119009821 }} It fell rapidly out of favor around 1973 when quantum chromodynamics became the main focus of theoretical researchRickles 2014, p. 77. (mainly due to the theoretical appeal of its asymptotic freedom).Rickles 2014, p. 11 n. 22.

Notes

References

{{cite book|author=Rickles|first=Dean|date=2014|title=A Brief History of String Theory: From Dual Models to M-Theory|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-642-45128-7|author-link=Dean Rickles}}

dual resonance model

Overview

See also

Notes

References

Further reading