extracorporeal life support
{{Short description|Life support for medical patients}}
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{{Technical|date=March 2024}}
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Extracorporeal life support (ECLS), is a set of extracorporeal modalities that can provide oxygenation, removal of carbon dioxide, and/or circulatory support, excluding cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiothoracic or vascular surgery.{{Cite journal |last1=Conrad |first1=Steven A. |last2=Broman |first2=L. Mikael |last3=Taccone |first3=Fabio S. |last4=Lorusso |first4=Roberto |last5=Malfertheiner |first5=Maximilian V. |last6=Pappalardo |first6=Federico |last7=Di Nardo |first7=Matteo |last8=Belliato |first8=Mirko |last9=Grazioli |first9=Lorenzo |last10=Barbaro |first10=Ryan P. |last11=McMullan |first11=D. Michael |last12=Pellegrino |first12=Vincent |last13=Brodie |first13=Daniel |last14=Bembea |first14=Melania M. |last15=Fan |first15=Eddy |date=2018-08-15 |title=The Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Maastricht Treaty for Nomenclature in Extracorporeal Life Support. A Position Paper of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization |journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine |volume=198 |issue=4 |pages=447–451 |doi=10.1164/rccm.201710-2130CP |issn=1535-4970 |pmc=6118026 |pmid=29614239}}
ECLS modalities include:
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) - for temporary support of patients with respiratory and/or cardiac failure .
Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) - for removal of CO2 without cardiac support. ECCO2R is used for patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure or patients with less severe forms of acute respiratory distress syndrome.