festival marketplace
{{Short description|American shopping market in European-style}}
A festival marketplace is a European-style shopping market in the United States. It is an effort to revitalize downtown areas in major US cities begun in the late 20th century.
Festival marketplaces were a leading downtown revitalization strategy in American cities during the 1970s and 1980s. The guiding principles are a mix of local tenants instead of regional or national chain stores, design of shop stalls and common areas to energize the space, and uncomplicated architectural ornament in order to highlight the goods.{{cite book|last=Maitland|first=Barry|title=The New Architecture of the Retail Mall|year=1990|publisher=Van Nostrand Reinhold|location=New York|isbn=1854548158|pages=25–26}}
List of festival marketplaces
{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
- Aloha Tower Marketplace — Honolulu, Hawaii
- Arizona Center — Phoenix, Arizona
- Bandana Square — Saint Paul, Minnesota{{cite news|title=Bandana Square in St. Paul|newspaper=Finance & Commerce|location=Minneapolis, MN|first=Frank|last=Jossi|date=February 2, 2012|url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F13CCD9EC1C47DA58&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AWNB&req_dat=1028A39C75C2B899|via=NewsBank}}
- Bayside Marketplace — Miami, Florida
- Cambridgeside Galleria — Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Canalside — Buffalo, New York
- Catfish Town — Baton Rouge, Louisiana{{cite news|title=Catfish Town two years old|newspaper=The Advocate|location=Baton Rouge, LA|first=Sharon|last=McRae|date=June 29, 1986|url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EB473EC15C9DBE7&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AWNB&req_dat=1028A39C75C2B899|via=NewsBank}}
- Church Street Station Exchange — Orlando, Florida{{cite news|title=Jacksonville's Landing will be tested by time|work=Tampa Bay Times|date=June 22, 1987|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/tampa-bay-times-jacksonvilles-landing-w/140962104/|via=Newspapers.com}} ([https://www.newspapers.com/article/tampa-bay-times-jacksonvilles-landing-w/140962154/ Part 2 of article])
- The Continent — Columbus, Ohio{{Cite web|url=https://news.wosu.org/news/2017-05-15/curious-cbus-what-was-the-continent-like-in-its-heyday|title = Curious Cbus: What Was the Continent Like in Its Heyday?|date = 15 May 2017}}
- Cray Plaza — Saint Paul, Minnesota
- Faneuil Hall — Boston, Massachusetts
- Festival Market — Lexington, Kentucky
- Fountain Square — Nashville, Tennessee{{cite news|title=Nashville development uses private funds for its boom|work=The Commercial Appeal|location=Memphis, TN|date=September 6, 1987|author=Richard Locker|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-commercial-appeal-nashville-developm/140962698/|via=Newspapers.com}}
- Ghirardelli Square — San Francisco, California
- Harborplace — Baltimore, Maryland
- Harbour Island - Tampa, Florida
- Jack London Square — Oakland, California
- Jackson Brewery — New Orleans, Louisiana
- Jacksonville Landing — Jacksonville, Florida
- Mercado Mediterranean Shopping Village — Orlando, Florida{{cite news|title=Mercado seeks out more residents|work=The Orlando Sentinel|date=June 6, 1988|author=Denise L. Smith|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-orlando-sentinel-mercado-seeks-out-m/140962245/|via=Newspapers.com}}
- Navy Pier — Chicago, Illinois
- Old Post Office Pavilion — Washington, D.C.{{cite news|title=Injecting new life into the Old Post Office|newspaper=Washington Post|author=Margaret Webb Pressler|date=September 6, 1994|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1994/09/06/injecting-new-life-into-the-old-post-office/43b94289-6e6d-48cf-bce4-0939991549d5/|access-date=2021-05-04}}
- Pier 39 — San Francisco, California
- Portside Festival Marketplace — Toledo, Ohio{{cite book|title=Jim Rouse: Capitalist/Idealist|first=Paul|last=Marx|publisher=University Press of America|year=2008|isbn=978-0761839446|page=192|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gAeKxfmVT68C&pg=PA192}}
- Riverwalk — New Orleans, Louisiana
- Sixth Street Festival Marketplace — Richmond, Virginia{{Cite web |url=http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/vcu-cab/vircu00046.document |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-03-11 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053055/http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/vcu-cab/vircu00046.document |url-status=dead }}
- South Street Seaport — New York City, New York
- Saint Anthony Main — Minneapolis, Minnesota{{cite news|last=Mack|first=Linda|title=Architect Benjamin Thompson remembered for St. Paul legacy - The St. Paul native's artistic conception of a lush, forested Mississippi River Valley spurred the city's return to the riverfront.|newspaper=Star Tribune|date=August 20, 2002}} "Thompson designed Minneapolis' first festival marketplace , the first part of St. Anthony Main in the early 1980s."
- St. Louis Union Station — St. Louis, Missouri{{cite news|title=St. Louis Needs a New Direction for Union Station|work=St. Louis Magazine|author=Ray Hartmann|date=October 21, 2011|url=https://www.stlmag.com/St-Louis-Needs-a-New-Direction-for-Union-Station/|accessdate=2023-09-05}}
- Station Square — Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Tower City Center — Cleveland, Ohio
- Trolley Square — Salt Lake City, Utah{{cite news|title=Completion of Trolley renovation expected in November|work=Salt Lake Tribune|first=Joe|last=Rolando|date=October 9, 1987|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/53983034/completion-of-trolley-renovation/|via=Newspapers.com}}{{cite news|title=The man who brought you the marketplace|work=Boston Globe|first=Robert|last=Campbell|date=November 18, 1986|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/53983057/the-man-who-brought-you-the-marketplace/|via=Newspapers.com}}
- Underground Atlanta — Atlanta, Georgia
- Union Station — Indianapolis, Indiana{{cite news |first=Erik |last=Ledbetter |title=Rethinking Adaptive Reuse, or, How Not to Save a Great Urban Terminal |url=http://www.rypn.org/RyPN/editorials/vieweditorials.asp?filename=041127032237.txt |work=Railway Preservation News |accessdate=2007-03-04 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208113422/http://www.rypn.org/RyPN/editorials/vieweditorials.asp?filename=041127032237.txt |archivedate=2007-02-08 }}
- Union Station — Washington, D.C.
- Water Street Pavilion — Flint, Michigan[http://www.nbm.org/blueprints/80s/spring88/cover/cover.htm Blueprints Magazine Spring 1988 cover] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070416142450/http://nbm.org/blueprints/80s/spring88/cover/cover.htm |date=2007-04-16 }}
- Waterside — Norfolk, Virginia
- West End Marketplace — Dallas, Texas{{cite news|title=Downtown Dallas' historic West End Marketplace eyed by developers for new hotel|newspaper=Dallas Morning News|first=Steve|last=Brown|date=February 8, 2014|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/business/real-estate/2014/02/08/downtown-dallas-historic-west-end-marketplace-eyed-by-developers-for-new-hotel1|accessdate=2017-07-28}}
- Westfield Horton Plaza — San Diego, California
{{div col end}}