flunisolide

{{Short description|Chemical compound}}

{{Infobox drug

| Verifiedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 461101454

| IUPAC_name = (1S,2S,4R,8S,9S,11S,12S,13R,19S)-19-fluoro-11-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-6,6,9,13-tetramethyl-5,7-dioxapentacyclo[10.8.0.0^2,9.0^4,8.0^13,18]icosa-14,17-dien-16-one

| image = Flunisolide.png

| image2 = Flunisolide ball-and-stick.png

| tradename = Aerobid, Nasalide, Nasarel, others

| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|flunisolide}}

| MedlinePlus = a681048

| pregnancy_category =

| legal_status =

| routes_of_administration = Inhaled

| bioavailability =

| protein_bound = 40% after inhalation

| metabolism =

| elimination_half-life = 1.8 hours

| IUPHAR_ligand = 7076

| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| CAS_number = 3385-03-3

| ATC_prefix = R01

| ATC_suffix = AD04

| ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|R03|BA03}}

| PubChem = 82153

| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}

| DrugBank = DB00180

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 74144

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = 78M02AA8KF

| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}

| KEGG = D00324

| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| ChEBI = 5106

| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| ChEMBL = 1512

| C=24 | H=31 | F=1 | O=6

| smiles = O=C\1\C=C/[C@]2(/C(=C/1)[C@@H](F)C[C@H]3[C@H]4[C@](C[C@H](O)[C@H]23)([C@@]5(OC(O[C@@H]5C4)(C)C)C(=O)CO)C)C

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChI = 1S/C24H31FO6/c1-21(2)30-19-9-14-13-8-16(25)15-7-12(27)5-6-22(15,3)20(13)17(28)10-23(14,4)24(19,31-21)18(29)11-26/h5-7,13-14,16-17,19-20,26,28H,8-11H2,1-4H3/t13-,14-,16-,17-,19+,20+,22-,23-,24+/m0/s1

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = XSFJVAJPIHIPKU-XWCQMRHXSA-N

| synonyms = 6α-Fluoro-11β,16α,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione acetone cyclic 16,17-acetal

}}

Flunisolide (marketed as AeroBid among others) is a corticosteroid often prescribed as a treatment for allergic rhinitis.{{cite web | title = Flunisolide | url = http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00180 | work = DrugBank }} Intranasal corticosteroids are the most effective medication for controlling symptoms.{{cite journal | vauthors = Wallace DV, Dykewicz MS, Bernstein DI, Blessing-Moore J, Cox L, Khan DA, Lang DM, Nicklas RA, Oppenheimer J, Portnoy JM, Randolph CC, Schuller D, Spector SL, Tilles SA | display-authors = 6 | title = The diagnosis and management of rhinitis: an updated practice parameter | journal = The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | volume = 122 | issue = 2 Suppl | pages = S1-84 | date = August 2008 | pmid = 18662584 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.06.003 | doi-access = free }}

Flunisolide's principal mechanism of action is to activate glucocorticoid receptors, indicating an anti-inflammatory action. The effects of topical corticosteroids are not immediate and must be used for at least a few days for noticeable relief. As-needed use is less effective than regular recommended use. Flunisolide should not be used for nasal infections. It should not be continued if symptoms are not relieved after regular use for over two to three weeks.{{cite web | title = Flunisolide Nasal Solution | url = http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=8ba9cc1c-55e5-40ed-9efe-f7abb73976ea | work = DailyMed | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine }}

Patented in 1958 and approved for medical use in 1978,{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=486 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA486 |language=en}} it is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021) | year = 2021 | hdl = 10665/345533 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02 | hdl-access=free }}