ginkgoopsida

{{Short description|Class of plants}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| oldest_fossil = Carboniferous

| image = Ginkgo_biloba_in_Lucenec2.jpg

| image_caption = Gingko biloba

| taxon = Ginkgoopsida

| authority = Meyen

| subdivision_ranks = Proposed orders

| subdivision = *Ginkgoales

• {{extinct}}Czekanowskiales
• {{extinct}}Peltaspermales?
• {{extinct}}Corystospermales? (Umkomasiales)
• {{extinct}}Caytoniales?
• {{extinct}}Dicranophyllales?
• {{extinct}}Calamopityales?
• {{extinct}}Callistophytales?
• {{extinct}}Glossopteridales?
• {{extinct}}"Palaeophyllales"?

}}

Ginkgoopsida is a proposed class of gymnosperms defined by Sergei V. Meyen in 1984 to encompass Ginkgoales (which contains the living Ginkgo) alongside a number of extinct seed plant groups, which he considered to be closely related based on similarities of morphology of pollen, seeds, cuticles, short shoots and leaves.SV Meyen, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4354028 Basic features of gymnosperm systematics and phylogeny as shown by the fossil record]. Bot Rev 50, 1–111 (1984).{{Cite journal |last=Meyen |first=Sergei V. |date=January 1987 |title=Evolution of Ginkgoopsida: from Peltaspermales to Ginkgoales, Leptostrobales and Caytoniales |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01811789.1987.10826864 |journal=Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Actualités Botaniques |language=en |volume=134 |issue=2 |pages=67–76 |doi=10.1080/01811789.1987.10826864 |issn=0181-1789|url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last1=Herrera |first1=Fabiany |last2=Shi |first2=Gongle |last3=Ichinnorov |first3=Niiden |last4=Takahashi |first4=Masamichi |last5=Bugdaeva |first5=Eugenia V. |last6=Herendeen |first6=Patrick S. |last7=Crane |first7=Peter R. |date=2017-03-21 |title=The presumed ginkgophyte Umaltolepis has seed-bearing structures resembling those of Peltaspermales and Umkomasiales |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |language=en |volume=114 |issue=12 |pages=E2385–E2391 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1621409114 |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=5373332 |pmid=28265050|doi-access=free }} The validity of this group as a whole has been considered questionable by other authors, who consider that it is unlikely to be monophyletic.{{Cite journal |last=Beck |first=Charles B. |date=July 1985 |title=Gymnosperm Phylogeny — A commentary on the views of S. V. Meyen |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF02861076 |journal=The Botanical Review |language=en |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=273–294 |doi=10.1007/BF02861076 |s2cid=7535841 |issn=0006-8101|url-access=subscription }} Other authors have used the class as a monotypic grouping, including only Ginkgoales.{{Cite journal |last1=Yang |first1=Yong |last2=Ferguson |first2=David Kay |last3=Liu |first3=Bing |last4=Mao |first4=Kang-Shan |last5=Gao |first5=Lian-Ming |last6=Zhang |first6=Shou-Zhou |last7=Wan |first7=Tao |last8=Rushforth |first8=Keith |last9=Zhang |first9=Zhi-Xiang |date=July 2022 |title=Recent advances on phylogenomics of gymnosperms and a new classification |journal=Plant Diversity |language=en |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=340–350 |doi=10.1016/j.pld.2022.05.003 |pmc=9363647 |pmid=35967253}} Some authors have used the clade Ginkgophyta to encompass both Ginkgoales and Czekanowskiales/Leptostrobales, which are suggested to be closely related groups.{{Cite journal |last=Wang |first=Jing-Jing |last2=Xin |first2=Cun-Lin |last3=Wang |first3=Lu-Han |last4=Zhang |first4=Ya-Mei |last5=Jiao |first5=Zhi-Peng |last6=Di |first6=Guo-Yun |last7=Liu |first7=Song-Xin |date=2022-10-03 |title=Numerical taxonomy of Ginkgophyta fossils in China |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08912963.2021.1999939 |journal=Historical Biology |language=en |volume=34 |issue=10 |pages=2037–2052 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2021.1999939 |issn=0891-2963|url-access=subscription }}