hatchet

{{Short description|Single-handed striking tool}}

{{Other uses}}

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A hatchet (from the Old French {{lang|fro|hachete}}, a diminutive form of hache, 'axe' of Germanic origin) is a single-handed striking tool with a sharp blade on one side used to cut and split wood, and a hammerhead on the other side. Hatchets may also be used for hewing when making flattened surfaces on logs; when the hatchet head is optimized for this purpose it is called a hewing hatchet.{{cite web |last1=Follansbee |first1=Peter |title=How a Woodworker Uses a Hatchet |url=https://www.popularwoodworking.com/editors-blog/how-a-woodworker-uses-a-hatchet/ |website=Popular Woodworking |access-date=8 April 2020 |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130133955/https://www.popularwoodworking.com/editors-blog/how-a-woodworker-uses-a-hatchet/ |url-status=dead }}

The earliest known use of the noun hatchet is in the Middle English period (1150—1500)https://www.oed.com/dictionary/hatchet_n?tl=true Although 'hand axe' and 'hatchet' are often used interchangeably in contemporary usage, 19th and 20th century American manufacturers and retailers (Collins, Kelly, Vaughan, Warren, Mann; Simmons, Shapleigh, Sears, et al.) unanimously distinguished hatchets from hand axes in their product catalogs, listing them in separate groupings.

A hand axe (also known by terms including "camp axe", "belt axe", "hunters axe" and others) is a short-handled woods tool. A hatchet is a short-handled construction trades tool with multipurpose head purposely designed for a given application. For this reason, hatchet handles are generally straight so that users can rotate them in their hand to switch from one head feature to the other.

The most common hatchet head patterns are the carpenter's hatchet, roofing/shingling hatchet and lathing/drywall hatchet.{{Cite news|url=http://www.popularmechanics.com/home/tools/how-to/a18403/whats-the-difference/|title=The Difference Between an Axe And a Hatchet, Explained|date=2015-12-03|work=Popular Mechanics|access-date=2017-05-14|language=en|quote=He defines a hatchet as simply, "a small one-hand axe used for chopping."}}

"Hatchet" was used to describe a small battle axe in Middle English.{{Cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/m/mec/med-idx?type=id&id=MED19757|title=Results of Headword Search in Middle English Dictionary|website=quod.lib.umich.edu|language=en-US|access-date=2017-08-18}}

"Burying the hatchet" is a phrase meaning "making peace," attributed to an Iroquois tradition of hiding or putting away a tomahawk after a peace agreement.