human adenovirus 41

Human adenovirus 41 belongs to the Adenoviridae family, and along with Human adenovirus 40, is a member of species Mastadenovirus faecale.{{cite journal |title=Taxonomy browser (Human adenovirus 41) |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=10524&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock |access-date=7 May 2022}}{{cite journal |last1=Rafie |first1=K. |last2=Lenman |first2=A. |last3=Fuchs |first3=J. |last4=Rajan |first4=A. |last5=Arnberg |first5=N. |last6=Carlson |first6=L.-A. |title=The structure of enteric human adenovirus 41-A leading cause of diarrhea in children |journal=Science Advances |date=January 2021 |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=eabe0974 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.abe0974 |pmid=33523995 |pmc=7793593 |bibcode=2021SciA....7..974R |issn=2375-2548}}{{cite web |title=Species List: Adenoviridae |url=https://ictv.global/report/chapter/adenoviridae/taxonomy/adenoviridae |publisher=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses |access-date=21 April 2025}}

It can particularly target the gastrointestinal tract to cause gastroenteritis in very young children. Symptoms appear similar to rotavirus gastroenteritis and norovirus. It may be present in the gut without causing symptoms.

In an investigation of 5 children with an inflammation of the liver (hepatitis) of unknown cause at Birmingham, Alabama in October 2021, all turned out to have human adenovirus 41.{{Cite web |date=2022-06-08 |title=Overview: Children with Hepatitis of Unknown Cause {{!}} CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/investigation/hepatitis-unknown-cause/overview-what-to-know.html |access-date=2022-08-03 |website=www.cdc.gov |language=en-us}}

In August 2022, 9 children in a U.S. case series of hepatitis of unknown cause{{Cite journal |last1=Gutierrez Sanchez |first1=L. Helena |last2=Shiau |first2=Henry |last3=Baker |first3=Julia M. |last4=Saaybi |first4=Stephanie |last5=Buchfellner |first5=Markus |last6=Britt |first6=William |last7=Sanchez |first7=Veronica |last8=Potter |first8=Jennifer L. |last9=Ingram |first9=L. Amanda |last10=Kelly |first10=David |last11=Lu |first11=Xiaoyan |date=2022-07-13 |title=A Case Series of Children with Acute Hepatitis and Human Adenovirus Infection |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |volume=387 |issue=7 |language=en |pages=620–630 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2206294 |pmid=35830653 |pmc=9808750 |s2cid=250529116 |issn=0028-4793}} and 27 of 30 children in a U.K. case series with hepatitis of unknown cause who underwent molecular testing{{Cite journal |last1=Kelgeri |first1=Chayarani |last2=Couper |first2=Michael |last3=Gupte |first3=Girish L. |last4=Brant |first4=Alexandra |last5=Patel |first5=Mitul |last6=Johansen |first6=Lauren |last7=Valamparampil |first7=Joseph |last8=Ong |first8=Evelyn |last9=Hartog |first9=Hermien |last10=Perera |first10=M.T.P.R. |last11=Mirza |first11=Darius |display-authors=6 |date=2022-07-13 |title=Clinical Spectrum of Children with Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Cause |url=https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2206704 |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |volume=387 |issue=7 |pages=611–619 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2206704 |pmid=35830627 |s2cid=250528150 |issn=0028-4793|doi-access=free }} tested positive for human adenovirus type 41 in a sample. It was unclear whether human adenovirus 41 was the cause, however.{{cn|date=October 2022}}

It cannot be detected using traditional cell culture isolation, but can be detected by using molecular based assays and enzyme immunoassay.

Globally it is a significant cause of gastroenteritis, particularly in low and middle income countries,{{cite journal |last1=Rafie |first1=K. |last2=Lenman |first2=A. |last3=Fuchs |first3=J. |last4=Rajan |first4=A. |last5=Arnberg |first5=N. |last6=Carlson |first6=L.-A. |title=The structure of enteric human adenovirus 41-A leading cause of diarrhea in children |journal=Science Advances |date=January 2021 |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=eabe0974 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.abe0974 |pmid=33523995 |pmc=7793593 |bibcode=2021SciA....7..974R |issn=2375-2548}}{{cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=B |last2=Damon |first2=CF |last3=Platts-Mills |first3=JA |title=Pediatric acute gastroenteritis associated with adenovirus 40/41 in low-income and middle-income countries. |journal=Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases |date=October 2020 |volume=33 |issue=5 |pages=398–403 |doi=10.1097/QCO.0000000000000663 |pmid=32773498 |pmc=8286627 }} but less common than rotavirus and norovirus.{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Hongyun |last2=Yang |first2=Shimin |last3=Liu |first3=Jiejie |last4=Fu |first4=Zhiying |last5=Liu |first5=Yingle |last6=Zhou |first6=Li |last7=Guo |first7=Haitao |last8=Lan |first8=Ke |last9=Chen |first9=Yu |title=Human adenoviruses: a suspect behind the outbreak of acute hepatitis in children amid the COVID-19 pandemic |journal=Cell Insight |date=11 June 2022 |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=100043 |doi=10.1016/j.cellin.2022.100043 |pmid=37192861 |pmc=10120317 |language=en |issn=2772-8927|doi-access=free }} How frequently it occurs in sewage and drinking water is not known. Type 40 is less common.

It was first identified in 1983.{{cite book |last1=Flint |first1=S. Jane |last2=Nemerow |first2=Glen R. |title=Human Adenoviruses: From Villains To Vectors |date=2017 |publisher=World Scientific |location=Singapore |isbn=978-981-310-979-7 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qRSyDgAAQBAJ&dq=adenovirus+gastroenteritis&pg=PA161 |page=161 |language=en |chapter=8. Pathogenesis }}

{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q112083369}}

• {{cite journal |last1=de Jong |first1=J. C. |last2=Wigand |first2=R. |last3=Kidd |first3=A. H. |last4=Wadell |first4=G. |last5=Kapsenberg |first5=J. G. |last6=Muzerie |first6=C. J. |last7=Wermenbol |first7=A. G. |last8=Firtzlaff |first8=R. G. |title=Candidate adenoviruses 40 and 41: fastidious adenoviruses from human infant stool |journal=Journal of Medical Virology |date=1983 |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=215–231 |doi=10.1002/jmv.1890110305 |pmid=6306161 |s2cid=31148587 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6306161/ |issn=0146-6615}}

Category:Adenoviridae