ice cycle

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File:Icycle.jpg in Appleton, Wisconsin.]]

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An ice cycle, ice bike, or icycle is a bicycle adapted for use on ice, usually by replacing the front wheel with an ice skate.{{cite web

| url = http://adventure-journal.com/2014/11/the-daily-bike-the-icyclists/

| title = The Icyclists

| author = Steve Casimiro

| date = November 11, 2014

| publisher = Adventure Journal

| access-date = 2015-11-15

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151125225703/http://adventure-journal.com/2014/11/the-daily-bike-the-icyclists/

| archive-date = November 25, 2015

}}{{cite magazine

| url = http://www.bicycling.com/bikes-and-gear-features/culture/ice-bikes-add-appeal-winter-riding

| title = Ice Bikes Add Appeal to Winter RidingForget fat bikes, there's a new winter cycling craze

| author = Milly Hurford

| date = December 29, 2014

| magazine = Bicycling

| access-date = 2015-11-15}}{{cite web

| url = http://blog.modernmechanix.com/new-ice-cycle-gives-cycling-thrills-on-lakes-in-winter

| title = New Ice-cycle Gives Cycling Thrills on Lakes in Winter (Apr, 1934)

| date = April 1934

| publisher = Modern Mechanix

| access-date = 2015-11-15}}{{cite news

| url = https://www.bostonglobe.com/sports/2014/12/27/buffalo-ice-bikes-are-cool-ride/DBgzWyg70gkX0PfcxuUIOK/story.html

| title = In Buffalo, ice bikes are a cool ride

| author = Kevin Paul Dupont

| date = December 27, 2014

| newspaper = Boston Globe

| access-date = 2015-11-15}}{{cite web

| url = http://www.myhistorymuseum.org/shifting_gears.html

| title = Shifting Gears, A Cycling History of Badger Bicycling

| date = November 4, 2015

| access-date = November 25, 2015

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151126045244/http://www.myhistorymuseum.org/shifting_gears.html

| archive-date = November 26, 2015

}} Versions exist with and without additional skates to provide lateral stability, that have been based on upright and recumbent bikes,{{cite web

| url = http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_22-8-2013-11-22-17

| title = Imperial alumnus skates towards success with new invention

| author = Rosemary Peters

| date = August 22, 2013

| publisher = Imperial College London

| access-date = 2015-11-15}} and that have been used for racing. Ice cycles have been in use since at least the 1890s,{{cite web

| url = http://www.oldbike.eu/museum/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/1896_Ice_Bicycle.jpg

| title = Ice Bicycle

| date = 1896

| publisher = Online Bike Museum

| access-date = 2015-11-15}} and theory predicts that a bicycle with a front skate can exhibit riderless self-stability similar to the same bicycle with a front wheel.{{cite journal

| journal = Science

|author=J. D. G. Kooijman |author2=J. P. Meijaard |author3=J. M. Papadopoulos |author4=A. Ruina |author5=A. L. Schwab

| title = A bicycle can be self-stable without gyroscopic or caster effects

| url = http://bicycle.tudelft.nl/stablebicycle/StableBicyclev34Revised.pdf

| volume = 332

| issue = 6027

| pages = 339–342

| doi = 10.1126/science.1201959

| date = April 15, 2011

| bibcode=2011Sci...332..339K

| access-date = 2015-11-15

| pmid = 21493856}} At least one example has been made with both the front and the rear wheels replaced by skates.{{cite web

| url = http://www.icebike.org/the-history-of-ice-biking-and-winter-cycling/

| title = The History of Ice Biking and Winter Cycling: Swedish Iscykel

| publisher = Icebike.org

| access-date = 2015-11-15}}