immune receptor
{{Short description|Cell surface molecules of the immune system triggering changes in the behavior of cells}}
File:Fc receptor schematic.svg
An immune receptor (or immunologic receptor) is a receptor, usually on a cell membrane, which binds to a ligand (usually another protein, such as cytokine) and causes a response in the immune system.
Types
The main receptors in the immune system are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), killer activated and killer inhibitor receptors (KARs and KIRs), complement receptors, Fc receptors, B cell receptors and T cell receptors.Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Immunology. Paperback: 384 pages. Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; (July 1, 2007). Language: English. {{ISBN|0-7817-9543-5}}. {{ISBN|978-0-7817-9543-2}}. Page 20
| class="wikitable"
|+Comparison of different receptor targets and associated functions | ||
| Receptor | Bind to | Function |
|---|---|---|
| align="left"
! Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) | Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) | Mediate cytokine production → inflammation → destroying pathogen | |
| Killer activated and killer inhibitor receptors (KARs and KIRs)
| || Avails NK cells to identify abnormal host cells (KAR) or inhibit inappropriate host cell destruction (KIR) | ||
| Complement receptors
| Complement proteins on e.g. microbes || Allow phagocytic and B cells to recognize microbes and immune complexes | ||
| Fc receptors
| Epitope-antibody complexes || Stimulate phagocytosis | ||
| B cell receptors
| Epitopes || B cell differentiation into plasma cells and proliferation | ||
| T cell receptors | ||
| Cytokine receptors
|Cytokines||Regulation and co-ordination of immune responses |
See also
References
External links
- {{MeshName|Immunologic + receptor}}
{{Transmembrane receptors}}
{{Immune receptors}}