isometamidium chloride
{{Short description|Chemical compound}}
{{Drugbox
| IUPAC_name = 3-[N'-[(3-amino-5-ethyl-6-phenyl-8-phenanthridin-5-iumyl)imino]hydrazino]benzamidine chloride
| image = Isometamidium chloride.png
| tradename =
| pregnancy_AU =
| pregnancy_US =
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_AU =
| legal_CA =
| legal_UK =
| legal_US =
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration =
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound =
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life =
| excretion =
| CAS_number = 34301-55-8
| ATCvet = yes
| ATC_prefix = P51
| ATC_suffix = DX04
| PubChem = 92295
| DrugBank =
| ChemSpiderID = 83326
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 7NH28I651F
| chemical_formula =
| C=28 | H=26 | Cl=1 | N=7
| smiles = [Cl-].[N@H]=C(N)c1cc(ccc1)N/N=N/c4ccc3c2ccc(N)cc2[n+](c(c3c4)c5ccccc5)CC
| StdInChI = 1S/C28H25N7.ClH/c1-2-35-26-16-20(29)11-13-24(26)23-14-12-22(17-25(23)27(35)18-7-4-3-5-8-18)33-34-32-21-10-6-9-19(15-21)28(30)31;/h3-17,29H,2H2,1H3,(H4,30,31,32,33);1H
| StdInChIKey = QNZJTSGALAVCLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}
Isometamidium chloride is a triazene trypanocidal agent used in veterinary medicine.{{cite journal | vauthors = Whitelaw DD, Bell IR, Holmes PH, Moloo SK, Hirumi H, Urquhart GM, Murray M | title = Isometamidium chloride prophylaxis against Trypanosoma congolense challenge and the development of immune responses in Boran cattle | journal = The Veterinary Record | volume = 118 | issue = 26 | pages = 722–6 | date = June 1986 | pmid = 3739193 | doi = 10.1136/vr.118.26.722 | doi-broken-date = 1 November 2024 | s2cid = 39168151 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Peregrine AS, Ogunyemi O, Whitelaw DD, Holmes PH, Moloo SK, Hirumi H, Urquhart GM, Murray M | display-authors = 6 | title = Factors influencing the duration of isometamidium chloride (Samorin) prophylaxis against experimental challenge with metacyclic forms of Trypanosoma congolense | journal = Veterinary Parasitology | volume = 28 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 53–64 | date = April 1988 | pmid = 3388736 | doi = 10.1016/0304-4017(88)90018-0 }}
It consists of a single ethidium bromide like subunit linked to a fragment of the diminazene molecule.{{cn|date=March 2023}}
Resistance
The Gibe River Valley in southwest Ethiopia showed universal resistance between July 1989 and February 1993. This likely indicates a permanent loss of function in this area against the tested target, T. congolense isolated from Boran cattle.
References
{{reflist|2|refs=
{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulugeta W, Wilkes J, Mulatu W, Majiwa PA, Masake R, Peregrine AS | title = Long-term occurrence of Trypanosoma congolense resistant to diminazene, isometamidium and homidium in cattle at Ghibe, Ethiopia | journal = Acta Tropica | volume = 64 | issue = 3–4 | pages = 205–17 | date = April 1997 | pmid = 9107367 | doi = 10.1016/s0001-706x(96)00645-6 | publisher = Elsevier BV | s2cid = 23878484 }}
}}
Category:Quaternary ammonium compounds
{{antiinfective-drug-stub}}