karzer

Image:Göttingen-Karzer.Arrest.Cell.05.JPG

A {{Lang|de|Karzer|italic=no}} was a designated lock-up or detention room to incarcerate students as a punishment, within the jurisdiction of some institutions of learning in Germany and German-language universities abroad. The American writer Mark Twain wrote about the karzer in Heidelberg in his book, A Tramp Abroad (1880).Mark Twain, A Tramp Abroad. (With reference to the Karzer at Heidelberg University)

Karzers existed both at universities and at gymnasiums (similar to a grammar school) in Germany until the beginning of the 20th century. Marburg's last Karzer inmate, for example, was registered as late as 1931.Bickert, Hans Günther / Nail, Norbert: Marburger Karzer-Buch. Kleine Kulturgeschichte des Universitätsgefängnisses. Dritte, neu bearbeitete und vermehrte Auflage. Marburg 2013

Image:Uni-Heidelberg_Studentenkarzer.jpg

Responsible for the administration of the {{Lang|de|Karzer}} was the so-called Pedell (English: bedel), or during later times Karzerwärter (a warden). While Karzer arrest was originally a severe punishment, the respect for this punishment diminished with time, particularly in the 19th century, as it paradoxically became a badge of honour of sorts to have been incarcerated at least once during one's time at university. At the end of the 19th century, as the students in the cell became responsible for their own food and drink and the receiving of visitors became permitted, the "punishment" would often turn into a social occasion with excessive consumption of alcohol.

{{Lang|de|Karzers|italic=no}} have been preserved at the universities of Heidelberg,{{cite web |title=STUDENT DETENTION CENTER |url=https://www.uni-heidelberg.de/de/einrichtungen/museen-und-sammlungen/studentenkarzer |website=University of Heidelberg |access-date=21 October 2023}} Jena, Bonnhttp://www.bonner-rechtsjournal.de/fileadmin/pdf/Artikel/2010_02/BRJ_260_2010_Bernoth.pdf Karzer of the University of Bonn,Marburg, Freiburg, Tübingen, Freiberg, http://www.tu-freiberg.de/ Freiberg School of Mines Greifswald, Göttingen,Mooney, Carolyn J.: Notes from Academe: Germany. Slammer or Shrine? [https://www.chronicle.com/article/how-german-students-left-their-mark-on-a-campus-prison/ How German Students Left Their Mark on the Walls of a Campus Prison]. In: The Chronicle of Higher Education, March 1, 1996, A 55. [Göttingen]. Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg in Erlangen, and at Tartu, Estonia. The {{Lang|de|Karzer|italic=no}} in Göttingen was known, after the Pedell Brühbach, as Hotel de Brühbach; it was moved in the 19th century, because of the extension of the university library, to the Aula building; a cell door, preserved from the old {{Lang|de|Karzer|italic=no}}, shows graffiti by Otto von Bismarck. Bearing witness to how the students spent the time in the cell are the many memorable wall, table and door graffiti left by students in the cells and today shown as tourist attractions in the older German universities.Hahne, Gert: [http://www.universitaetssammlungen.de/publikation/5857?setLocale=de Der Karzer: Bier! Unschuld! Rache! Der Göttinger Universitätskarzer und seine Geschichte(n).] Göttingen 2005.