kinematic diffraction

Kinematic diffraction is an approximation for diffraction of waves. It assumes that the waves are only scattered once, neglecting multiple scattering. For linear wave equations, it involves summing the contribution of the partial waves emanating from different scatterers, where only the incident field drives the scattering. As a consequence, the far-field amplitude essentially corresponds to the Fourier transform of the scattering length density, which would be the charge density for x-rays{{cite book |last1=Als-Nielsen |first1=Jens |last2=McMorrow |first2=Des |date=2011 |title=Elements of Modern X‐ray Physics |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd |doi=10.1002/9781119998365 |isbn=9781119998365}} and the electrostatic potential for electrons.{{Cite book |last=Cowley |first=J. M. |title=Diffraction physics |date=1995 |publisher=Elsevier Science B.V |isbn=978-0-444-82218-5 |edition=3rd |series=North-Holland personal library |location=Amsterdam ; New York}} It is typically understood as the Born approximation applied to a number of scatterers, and as such is often used for X-ray crystallography.{{Cite book |last=Cullity |first=B. D. |title=Elements of x-ray diffraction |date=2001 |publisher=Prentice Hall |isbn=0-201-61091-4}} The corresponding full theory is called the dynamical theory of diffraction. For x-rays{{Cite book |last=Authier |first=Andre |chapter=Elementary dynamical theory |date=2003-11-06 |title=Dynamical Theory of X-Ray Diffraction |pages=68–112 |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198528920.003.0004 |access-date=2025-01-19 |publisher=Oxford University PressOxford |isbn=0-19-852892-2}} and in electron diffraction different approaches are used to calculating the dynamical diffraction for transmission with high-energy electrons{{Cite journal |last=Humphreys |first=C J |date=1979-11-01 |title=The scattering of fast electrons by crystals |url= |journal=Reports on Progress in Physics |volume=42 |issue=11 |pages=1825–1887 |doi=10.1088/0034-4885/42/11/002 |issn=0034-4885}}{{Citation |last=Peng |first=L -M |title=Dynamical Theory Ii. Transmission High-Energy Electron Diffraction |date=2004-01-08 |work=High-Energy Electron Diffraction And Microscopy |pages=75–116 |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198500742.003.0004 |access-date=2025-01-19 |publisher=Oxford University PressOxford |isbn=978-0-19-850074-2 |last2=Dudarev |first2=S L |last3=Whelan |first3=M J}} as well as for low energy electron diffraction{{Cite journal |last=J B Pendry |date=1971-11-18 |title=Ion core scattering and low energy electron diffraction. I |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3719/4/16/015 |journal=Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics |volume=4 |issue=16 |pages=2501–2513 |doi=10.1088/0022-3719/4/16/015 |issn=0022-3719|url-access=subscription }} or reflection high-energy electron diffraction{{Cite journal |last=Maksym |first=P.A. |last2=Beeby |first2=J.L. |date=1981 |title=A theory of rheed |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/003960288190649X |journal=Surface Science |language=en |volume=110 |issue=2 |pages=423–438 |doi=10.1016/0039-6028(81)90649-X|url-access=subscription }}