lanthanum carbonate
{{short description|Ore of lanthanum metal}}
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| verifiedrevid = 400130079
| Name = Lanthanum carbonate
| ImageFile = File:Lanthanum-carbonate-3D-balls.png
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| IUPACName = Lanthanum carbonate
| OtherNames = Fosrenol
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 147758
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 2096647
| PubChem = 168924
| KEGG = D04667
| InChI = 1/3CH2O3.2La/c3*2-1(3)4;;/h3*(H2,2,3,4);;/q;;;2*+3/p-6
| InChIKey = NZPIUJUFIFZSPW-CYFPFDDLAT
| SMILES = [La+3].[La+3].O=C([O-])[O-].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/3CH2O3.2La/c3*2-1(3)4;;/h3*(H2,2,3,4);;/q;;;2*+3/p-6
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = NZPIUJUFIFZSPW-UHFFFAOYSA-H
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 587-26-8
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 0M78EU4V9H
| EC_number = 209-599-5
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = La{{sub|2}}(CO3)3
| MolarMass = 457.838 g/mol
| Appearance = White powder, hygroscopic
| Density = 2.6–2.7 g/cm{{sup|3}}
| Solubility = negligible
| SolubleOther = soluble in acids
| MeltingPt = decomposes
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|Section3={{Chembox Structure
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| Section6 = {{Chembox Pharmacology
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| ATCCode_prefix = V03
| ATCCode_suffix = AE03
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| Legal_CA = Rx-only
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
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|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = Lanthanum(III) oxide
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Lanthanum carbonate, La{{sub|2}}(CO3)3, is the salt formed by lanthanum(III) cations and carbonate anions. It is an ore of lanthanum metal (bastnäsite), along with monazite.
Chemistry
Lanthanum carbonate is used as a starting material in lanthanum chemistry, particularly in forming mixed oxides, for example
- for production of lanthanum strontium manganite, primarily for solid oxide fuel cell applications;
- for production of certain high-temperature superconductors, such as La{{sub|2-x}}Sr{{sub|x}}CuO{{sub|2}}.
Medical uses
Lanthanum carbonate is used in medicine as a phosphate binder.{{cite web|last=Editorial Staff |title=Lanthanum Carbonate |work=All Micromedex Systems |publisher=Micromedex, Inc. |date=December 2004 |url=http://www.micromedex.com/products/updates/drugdex_updates/de/lanthanum.html |accessdate=2007-11-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070914035811/http://www.micromedex.com/products/updates/drugdex_updates/de/lanthanum.html |archivedate=2007-09-14 |url-status=dead }} As a medication it is sold under the trade name Fosrenol by the pharmaceutical company Shire Pharmaceuticals. Due to its large size (1000 mg tablet is 2.2 cm in diameter), it may be possible to choke on the tablet if it is not chewed. It is prescribed for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia, primarily in patients with chronic kidney disease. It is taken with meals and binds to dietary phosphate, preventing phosphate from being absorbed by the intestine. For cats with hyperphosphatemia it is available under the trade name Renalzin by Bayer Animal Health.{{cite web | author = Bayer Animal Health | url = http://www.animalhealth.bayerhealthcare.com/fileadmin/presslounge/att/2008-09-0441E.pdf | date = 26 September 2008 | title = Bayer Animal Health launches Renalzin for Cats | accessdate = 2008-09-30 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110707214915/http://www.animalhealth.bayerhealthcare.com/fileadmin/presslounge/att/2008-09-0441E.pdf | archive-date = 7 July 2011 | url-status = dead }}
However, when lanthanum carbonate is used for treating hyperphosphatemia, its side effects, namely myalgia, muscular cramping, and peripheral edema, should be clinically monitored.{{cite journal |doi=10.1056/NEJMra0912522|pmid=20375408|title=Oral Phosphate Binders in Patients with Kidney Failure|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=362|issue=14|pages=1312–24|year=2010|last1=Tonelli|first1=Marcello|last2=Pannu|first2=Neesh|last3=Manns|first3=Braden|s2cid=22322676}}
Other applications
Lanthanum carbonate is also used for the tinting of glass,{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} for water treatment, and as a catalyst for hydrocarbon cracking.
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a605015.html Lanthanum] - medlineplus.org
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20050924124247/http://fosrenol.com/Consumers/Default.aspx Fosrenol.com] - the manufacturer's web site
- [https://www.drugs.com/NDA/fosrenol_040720.html Fosrenol] - Drugs.com
- [http://www.medscape.com/pages/sites/infosite/fosrenol/fosrenol-intro?src=hp17.isite Fosrenol] - Medscape.com
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20051228085124/http://phosphoruscontrol.com/ PhosphorusControl.com] - PhosphorusControl.com
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20080809213336/http://www.animalhealth.bayerhealthcare.com/ Bayer Animal Health]
{{Lanthanum compounds}}
{{Carbonates}}
{{Drugs for treatment of hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia}}
Category:Nephrology procedures