like button
{{short description|Communication software feature used to express support}}
{{About|the like button in general|its implementation on Facebook|Facebook like button}}
{{use dmy dates |date=December 2021}}
A like button, like option, or recommend button is a feature in communication software such as social networking services, Internet forums, news websites and blogs where the user can express that they like or support certain content.Dedić, N. and Stanier, C. (2017) "Towards Differentiating Business Intelligence, Big Data, Data Analytics and Knowledge Discovery". Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing (LNBIP). Springer International Publishing. Volume 285. Internet services that feature like buttons usually display the number of users who liked the content, and may show a full or partial list of them. This is a quantitative alternative to other methods of expressing reaction to content, like writing a reply text.
Some websites also include a dislike button, so the user can either vote in favor, against or neutrally. Other websites include more complex web content voting systems; for example, five stars or reaction buttons to show a wider range of emotion to the content.
Implementations
= Vimeo =
Video sharing site Vimeo added a "like" button in November 2005.{{cite news |title=How Vimeo became hipster YouTube |url=http://fortune.com/2011/02/23/how-vimeo-became-hipster-youtube/ |access-date=1 December 2021 |work=Fortune |date=23 February 2011 |language=en}} Developer Andrew Pile describes it as an iteration of the "digg" button from the site Digg.com, saying "We liked the Digg concept, but we didn't want to call it 'Diggs,' so we came up with 'Likes{{'"}}.
= FriendFeed =
The like button on FriendFeed was announced as a feature on October 30, 2007, and was popularized within that community.{{cite web |url=http://blog.friendfeed.com/2007/10/i-like-it-i-like-it.html|title=I like it, I like it |last=Taylor |first=Bret |work=FriendFeed Blog |date=2007-10-30| access-date=2014-10-21}} Later the feature was integrated into Facebook before FriendFeed was acquired by Facebook on August 10, 2009.{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2009/08/10/facebook-acquires-friendfeed/|title=Facebook Acquires FriendFeed (Updated) |last=Kincaid |first=Jason |work=TechCrunch |date=2009-08-10| access-date=2014-10-21}}
=Facebook=
{{main|Facebook like button}}
The Facebook like button is designed as a hand giving "thumbs up". It was originally discussed to have been a star or a plus sign, and during development the feature was referred to as "awesome" instead of "like".{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} It was introduced on 9 February 2009.{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2009/02/09/facebook-activates-like-button-friendfeed-tires-of-sincere-flattery|title=Facebook Activates "Like" Button; FriendFeed Tires Of Sincere Flattery |last=Kincaid |first=Jason |work=TechCrunch |date=2009-02-09| access-date=2014-01-30}} In February 2016, Facebook introduced reactions - a new way to express people's emotions to Facebook posts. These reactions include "Love", "Haha", "Wow", "Sad", and "Angry".
The like button is a significant power sharing tool, as one "like" will make the post show up on friends' feed, boosting the algorithm to ensure the post is seen and interacted with in order to continue the cycle of engagement.{{Cite journal|last1=Ozanne|first1=Marie|last2=Cueva Navas|first2=Ana|last3=Mattila|first3=Anna S.|last4=Van Hoof|first4=Hubert B.|date=2017-04-01|title=An Investigation Into Facebook "Liking" Behavior An Exploratory Study|journal=Social Media + Society|language=en|volume=3|issue=2|pages=2056305117706785|doi=10.1177/2056305117706785|issn=2056-3051|doi-access=free}}
On the other hand, a study highlights the disadvantage of the "like" reaction in algorithmic content ranking on Facebook. The "like" button can increase the engagement, but can decrease the organic reach as a "brake effect of viral reach".{{Cite journal|last1=Pócs|first1=Dávid|last2=Adamovits|first2=Otília|last3=Watti|first3=Jezdancher|last4=Kovács|first4=Róbert|last5=Kelemen|first5=Oguz|date=2021-06-21|title=Facebook Users' Interactions, Organic Reach, and Engagement in a Smoking Cessation Intervention: Content Analysis|journal=Journal of Medical Internet Research|language=en|volume=23|issue=6|pages=e27853|doi=10.2196/27853|pmid=34152280 |issn=1438-8871|doi-access=free|pmc=8277334}}
=YouTube=
File:Youtube.like.button.glowing.png
In early 2010, as part of a broader redesign of the service, YouTube switched from a star-based rating system to Like/Dislike buttons. Under the previous system, users could rate videos on a scale from 1 to 5 stars; YouTube staff argued that this change reflected common usage of the system, as 2-, 3-, and 4-star ratings were not used as often.{{cite web|title=YouTube's big redesign goes live to everyone|url=http://www.cnet.com/news/youtubes-big-redesign-goes-live-to-everyone/|last=Lowensohn|first=Josh|date=31 March 2010|website=CNET|access-date=9 November 2015}}{{cite web|title=YouTube Comes To A 5-Star Realization: Its Ratings Are Useless|url=https://techcrunch.com/2009/09/22/youtube-comes-to-a-5-star-realization-its-ratings-are-useless/|last=Siegler|first=M.G.|date=22 September 2009|website=TechCrunch|access-date=9 November 2015}} In 2012, YouTube briefly experimented with replacing the Like and Dislike buttons with a Google+ +1 button.{{cite web|title=Google+ replacing ability to dislike a YouTube video?|url=http://www.geek.com/news/google-replacing-ability-to-dislike-a-youtube-video-1475951/|website=Geek.com|access-date=9 November 2015|archive-date=18 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118164110/https://www.geek.com/news/google-replacing-ability-to-dislike-a-youtube-video-1475951/|url-status=dead}}
In 2019, after the backlash from YouTube Rewind 2018, YouTube began considering options to combat "dislike mobs," including an option to completely remove the dislike button.{{Cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/tech/youtube-might-remove-dislike-button-13956341|title=YouTube might remove its dislike button to combat 'dislike mobs'|last=Best|first=Shivali|date=2019-02-05|website=mirror|access-date=2019-02-18}} The video is the most disliked video on YouTube, passing the music video for Justin Bieber's "Baby".
On November 12, 2021, YouTube announced it will make dislike counts private, with only the content creator being able to view the number of dislikes on the back end, in what the company says is an effort to combat targeted dislike and harassment campaigns and encourage smaller content creators.{{Cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/10/youtube-is-removing-the-dislike-count-on-all-videos-across-its-platform/|title=YouTube is removing the dislike count on all videos across its platform|last=Perez|first=Sarah|date=2021-11-12|website=TechCrunch|access-date=2021-11-12}}
On October 17, 2023, with an update on the website, views and likes will be updated periodically during the first 24 hours of a new video. Additionally, the Like button will "glow" when a creator asks their viewers to press the Like button.{{Cite web |title=From your phone to the TV, get a taste of the latest YouTube updates |url=https://blog.youtube/news-and-events/youtube-new-features-2023/ |access-date=2024-08-28 |website=blog.youtube |language=en-us}}
In addition to videos, each of their user comments also have its own set of Like and Dislike buttons since August 2007.{{Cite web |date=24 August 2007 |title=Site Update 8/22 |url=https://blog.youtube/news-and-events/site-update-822/ |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=YouTube Blog}} The feature was originally implemented in a similar fashion to Reddit's system of Upvotes and Downvotes until a greater redesign of the comment system in September 2013 (initially oriented on Google+), since which – while comments continue to show their Likes count – Dislikes won't be made public and thus have no visible effect on a comment's rating.{{Cite web |last1=Janakiram |first1=Nundu |last2=Zunger |first2=Yonatan |date=24 September 2013 |title=We hear you: Better commenting coming to YouTube |url=https://blog.youtube/news-and-events/youtube-new-comments/ |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=YouTube Blog}}{{Cite web |title=The Curious Case of the YouTube Comment Dislike Button |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=61ycBjjpvJQ |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=YouTube| date=31 March 2019 }}
=Google+=
File:Google plus one (2012-2013).svg (old version)]]
Google+ had a like button called the +1 (Internet slang for "I like that" or "I agree"), which was introduced in June 2011.{{cite web |url= https://techcrunch.com/2011/05/31/google-plus-one-button/ |title=Whoops Redux: Looks Like Partner Just Leaked Google's +1 Button For Websites Launch |first=M.G. |last=Siegler |work=TechCrunch |date=31 May 2011 |access-date=14 February 2015}} In August 2011, the +1 button also became a share icon.{{cite web |url= http://www.pcworld.com/article/238726/google_1_now_links_to_google_profiles_let_the_war_on_facebooks_like_button_begin.html |title=Google +1 Now Links to Google+ Profiles: Let the War on Facebook's 'Like' Button Begin |first=Jared |last=Newman |work=PC World |date=24 August 2011|access-date=14 February 2015}}
=Reddit=
On Reddit (a system of message boards), users can upvote and downvote posts (and comments on posts). The votes contribute to posters' and commenters' "karma" (Reddit's name for a user's overall rating).{{cite web|url=http://www.newsweek.com/reddit-account-has-karma-score-99493-and-it-has-just-been-suspended-amid-880106|title=Yes, Reddit's r/The_Donald was infiltrated by anti-Clinton Russian trolls|website=Newsweek |date=11 April 2018|access-date=25 October 2018}}
=X / Twitter=
File:My first tweet! (3344952812).png
Alongside reposts (commonly known as retweets), X (formerly Twitter) users can like posts made on the service, indicated by a heart. Until November 2015, the equivalent of "liking a post" was "favoriting a post" and favorites were symbolized by a gold star (15px). However, that was changed to alleviate user confusion and put the function more in line with other social networks, the favorite function was renamed to like.{{cite news|title=Twitter officially kills off favorites and replaces them with likes|url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/11/3/9661180/twitter-vine-favorite-fav-likes-hearts|access-date=4 November 2015|work=The Verge|publisher=Vox Media}}
Previously users were able users to see which posts others have liked under a likes tab in a user's profile. Though in June 2024 this feature was removed across the site thus making likes private for all users.https://www.npr.org/2024/06/13/nx-s1-5004515/x-likes-hide-users-elon-musk {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}
In July 2024 it was reported that a "dislike" button featuring a broken heart icon was being tested as an addition to the site.{{Cite web |last=Perez |first=Sarah |date=2024-07-11 |title=X is building a 'dislike' button for downvoting replies |url=https://techcrunch.com/2024/07/11/x-is-building-a-dislike-button-for-downvoting-replies/ |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=TechCrunch |language=en-US}}
=VK=
VK like buttons for posts, comments, media and external sites operate in a different way from Facebook. Liked content doesn't get automatically pushed to the user's wall, but is saved in the (private) Favorites section instead.
=Instagram=
The Instagram like button is indicated by a heart symbol. In addition to tapping the heart symbol on a post, users can double tap an image to "like" it. In May 2019, Instagram began tests wherein the number of likes on a user's post is hidden from other users.{{cite news |last1=Padilla |first1=Mariel |title=Instagram is Hiding Likes. Will That Reduce Anxiety? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/18/world/instagram-hidden-likes.html |access-date=5 May 2021 |work=The New York Times |date=18 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126101310/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/18/world/instagram-hidden-likes.html |archive-date=26 November 2020}}
=TikTok=
The TikTok like button is indicated by a heart symbol, and users can use the like button by double tapping on a post they like, similar to YT Shorts and Instagram. Liked content can be accessed via the "Liked" tab on a user's profile.
Additionally in 2022, TikTok implemented a Dislike button for their user comments with the intent of giving their users power to identify comments that are considered "irrelevant or inappropriate". Just like on YouTube ever since the late 2013 overhaul of their comment system, these dislikes are not visible to others.{{Cite web |last=Cabello |first=Marcos |date=23 September 2022 |title=Don't Like a Comment on TikTok? You Can Hit the 'Dislike' Button |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/social-media/dont-like-a-comment-on-tiktok-you-can-hit-the-dislike-button/ |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=CNET}}{{Cite web |last=Malik |first=Aisha |date=23 September 2022 |title=TikTok is releasing its comment dislike button to all users worldwide |url=https://techcrunch.com/2022/09/23/tiktok-releasing-comment-dislike-button-all-users/ |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=TechCrunch}}
= XWiki =
XWiki, the application wiki and open source collaborative platform, added the "Like" button in version 12.7. This button allows users to like wiki pages. It is possible to see all liked pages and the Like counter for each page.
= LinkedIn =
The business and employment social media LinkedIn includes a "like" button. In 2019 the platform added reaction options such as "celebrate", "love", "insightful" and "support".{{Cite web |last=Leonard |first=Jay |date=2019-04-25 |title=LinkedIn Rolling Out Reaction Buttons |url=https://www.business2community.com/linkedin/linkedin-rolling-out-reaction-buttons-02194635 |access-date=28 March 2023 |website=Business 2 Community}}{{Cite web |last=Hutchinson |first=Andrew |date=2022-06-17 |title=LinkedIn Launches Initial Rollout of its New 'Funny' Reaction |url=https://www.socialmediatoday.com/news/linkedin-launches-initial-rollout-of-its-new-funny-reaction/625729/ |access-date=27 March 2023 |website=SocialMediaToday}}
Legal issues
In 2012, following the death of Indian political leader Bal Thackeray, two women were arrested related to a Facebook post about the death. One of the women posted the status update, and her friend had liked it.{{Cite news |first=Anup |last=Kaphle |title=Who was Bal Thackeray and why did Mumbai come to a standstill this weekend? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2012/11/19/who-is-bal-thackeray-and-why-did-mumbai-come-to-a-standstill-this-weekend/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=19 November 2012 |issn=0190-8286 |language=en-US |access-date=7 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160223062700/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2012/11/19/who-is-bal-thackeray-and-why-did-mumbai-come-to-a-standstill-this-weekend/ |archive-date=23 February 2016 |url-status=live}}
The arrest under sections of the Indian Penal Code and the Information Technology Act caused a national outrage against freedom of speech and misuse of the Information Technology laws.{{cite web| url=https://www.ibtimes.com/arrest-facebook-india-creates-controversy-it-onslaught-internet-speech-891142 |title=Arrest For Facebook 'Like' In India Creates Controversy; Is It An Onslaught On Internet Speech? |author=Kukil Bora |date=20 November 2012 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=ibtimes.com}}
After an enquiry that concluded that the arrests were avoidable and not justified, and recommended action against the arresting policemen,{{cite web |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/facebook-arrest-the-girls-were-arrested-for-their-own-protection-report-quotes-policemen-saying-505431 |title=Facebook arrest: The girls were arrested for their own 'protection', report quotes policemen saying |author=Samira Shaikh |date=24 November 2012 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=ndtv.com}} the allegations were dropped, the police officers suspended, and the magistrate involved in the case was transferred.{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/west/story/facebook-arrests-police-file-closure-report-shaheen-dadha-renu-srinivasan-bal-thackeray-124706-2012-12-18 |title=Charges dropped against Palghar girls arrested for Facebook post on Bal Thackeray |date=19 December 2012 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=indiatoday.in}}
In 2017, a man was fined 4,000 Swiss francs by a Swiss regional court for liking defamatory messages on Facebook written by other people which criticized an activist. According to the court, the defendant "clearly endorsed the unseemly content and made it his own".[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/may/30/man-fined-swiss-court-liking-defamatory-comments-facebook Man fined by Swiss court for 'liking' defamatory comments on Facebook] - The Guardian / AFP, 20 May 2017
See also
References
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