list of URI schemes
{{short description|Namespace identifier assigned by IANA}}
This article lists common URI schemes. A Uniform Resource Identifier helps identify a source without ambiguity. Many URI schemes are registered with the IANA; however, there exist many unofficial URI schemes as well. Mobile deep links are one example of a class of unofficial URI schemes that allow for linking directly to a specific location in a mobile app.
Official IANA-registered schemes
URI schemes registered with the IANA, both provisional and fully approved, are listed in its registry for [https://www.iana.org/assignments/uri-schemes/uri-schemes.xhtml Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Schemes]. These include well known ones like:
- {{code|file}} - File URI scheme
- {{code|ftp}} – File Transfer Protocol
- {{code|http}} – Hypertext Transfer Protocol
- {{code|https}} – Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
- {{code|mailto}} – mailto for email addresses
- {{code|tel}} – for telephone numbers
- {{code|imap}} – Internet Message Access Protocol
- {{code|irc}} – Internet Relay Chat
- {{code|nntp}} – Network News Transfer Protocol
as well as many lesser known schemes like:
- {{code|acap}} – Application Configuration Access Protocol
- {{code|icap}} – Internet Content Adaptation Protocol
- {{code|mtqp}} – Message Tracking Query Protocol (RFC
3887) - {{code|wss}} – Encrypted WebSocket connections
Unofficial but common URI schemes
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Scheme
! Purpose ! Defined by ! General format ! Notes |
---|
admin
| URL scheme in the GNOME desktop environment to access file(s) with administrative permissions with GUI applications in a safer way, instead of sudo, gksu & gksudo, which may be considered insecure | [https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/gvfs/backends GNOME Virtual file system] | example: | See more information on: [https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/gvfs/backends] |
app
| URL scheme can be used by packaged applications to obtain resources that are inside a container | [http://google.com Google] | example: | See more information on: [http://www.w3.org/TR/app-uri/] [http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-app-uri-20130516/] |
freeplane
| Open a Freemind/Freeplane .mm file in the locally installed Freeplane application and optionally highlight a node in the opened mindmap. | [https://docs.freeplane.org/attic/old-mediawiki-content/New_features_in_Freeplane_1.3.html?highlight=protocol#other-features Freeplane v1.3 and above] | |
geo
| Open a geographic location in a two or three-dimensional coordinate reference system on your preferred maps application. | [https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5870 Internet Engineering Task Force's RFC 5870] (published 8 June 2010) | | See more information on: Geo URI scheme. Alternatively, |
javascript
| Execute JavaScript code. | [http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hoehrmann-javascript-scheme IETF Draft] | | |
jdbc
| Connect a database with Java Database Connectivity technology. | Database vendor dependent | | Requires a vendor provided connector (jar archive) to be included in the client library. |
msteams
| Used by Microsoft to launch the Microsoft Teams desktop client | [https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoftteams/platform/concepts/build-and-test/deep-links Microsoft] | | {{cite web |title=Create deep links - Teams |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoftteams/platform/concepts/build-and-test/deep-links |website=learn.microsoft.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006141551/https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoftteams/platform/concepts/build-and-test/deep-links |archive-date=2022-10-06 |language=en-us |url-status=usurped}}{{cite web |title=Build apps for Teams meeting stage - Teams |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoftteams/platform/apps-in-teams-meetings/build-apps-for-teams-meeting-stage |website=learn.microsoft.com |access-date=27 October 2022 |language=en-us}} |
ms-access ms-excel ms-infopath {{nobreak|ms-powerpoint}} ms-project ms-publisher ms-spd ms-visio ms-word | Used by Microsoft to launch Microsoft Office applications | [https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/client-developer/office-uri-schemes Microsoft] | example: | |
odbc
| [http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-patrick-lambert-odbc-uri-scheme IETF Draft] | | |
psns
|Used by PlayStation consoles to open the PS Store application, also used by Media Go |Sony (not public) | | |
rdar
| URL scheme used by Apple's internal issue-tracking system | Apple (not public) | example: | Allows employees to link to internally-tracked issues from anywhere. Example of a private scheme which has leaked in to the public space and is widely seen on the internet, but can only be resolved by Apple employees. |
s3
| Used to interact programmatically with Amazon S3 bucket | [https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/s3/ aws-cli documentation] | {{sxhl|aws s3 sync /tmp/foo/ s3://bucket/ --recursive \ --exclude "*" --include "*.jpg" --include "*.txt"|shell}} | |
shortcuts
| A scheme used by Apple to execute a Shortcut from apps that support links | Apple | | See more information at [https://support.apple.com/guide/shortcuts/run-a-shortcut-from-a-url-apd624386f42/ios] |
slack
| Used by Slack to launch the Slack client | [https://api.slack.com/reference/deep-linking Slack API reference] | | |
stratum
| Connectivity URI for the Stratum protocol, used for proof-of-work coordination in pooled cryptocurrency mining | [https://docs.google.com/a/palatinus.cz/document/d/17zHy1SUlhgtCMbypO8cHgpWH73V5iUQKk_0rWvMqSNs/edit?hl=en_US Stratum Protocol Draft] | | This protocol has completely superseded the now-obsolete Getwork protocol,{{cn|date=April 2023}} and was created primarily to reduce network overhead as mining pool sizes inevitably scale upwards.[http://mining.bitcoin.cz/stratum-mining Stratum mining protocol], ..the official documentation of lightweight bitcoin mining protocol. |
trueconf
| Used by TrueConf Server to interact with client applications | [https://trueconf.com/blog/knowledge-base/trueconf-protocol-designed-to-interact-with-trueconf-client-applications.html TrueConf official website] | | See more information at [https://trueconf.com/blog/knowledge-base/trueconf-protocol-designed-to-interact-with-trueconf-client-applications.html] |
viber
| Open the locally installed Viber application to link to a view or perform an action, such as share an URL to a contact. | [https://developers.viber.com/docs/tools/deep-links/ Viber API Documentation - Deep Links] [https://developers.viber.com/docs/tools/share-button/ Viber API Documentation - Viber Share Button] | | |
web+...
| Effectively namespaces web-based protocols from other, potentially less web-secure, protocols | This convention is defined within the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#web+-scheme-prefix HTML Living Standard specification] | | This convention is not associated with the registration of any new scheme but is currently a requirement as well as convention for non-whitelisted web-based protocols. |
zoommtg zoomus | Used by Zoom conferencing software to launch the Zoom client | [https://medium.com/zoom-developer-blog/zoom-url-schemes-748b95fd9205 Zoom developer community] | | See more information at [https://medium.com/zoom-developer-blog/zoom-url-schemes-748b95fd9205 Zoom developer community] |
Registering Schemes
A procedural guideline like [https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2717 RFC 2717] [https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp35 BCP 35] is provided for new URL Scheme Names registration. From time to time, some guidelines may be updated. The scheme registry maintains the mapping between scheme names and their specifications.
References
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External links
- [https://www.iana.org/assignments/uri-schemes/uri-schemes.xhtml Official IANA Registry of URI Schemes]
- [https://www.w3.org/wiki/UriSchemes More information, including many more schemes]
- [https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986.html#section-3.1 RFC Editor information on URI Generic Syntax]
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