liveness test

{{Short description|Automated means of checking whether a subject is a real person}}

A liveness test, liveness check or liveness detection is an automated means of checking whether a subject is a real person or part of a spoofing attack.

In a video liveness test, users are typically asked to look into a camera and to move, smile or blink, and features of their moving face may then be compared to that of a still image. Artificial intelligence is used to counter presentation attacks such as deepfakes or users wearing hyperrealistic masks, or video injection attacks.{{Cite web |date=2024-05-02 |title=Video injection attacks: What is that and the way forward?|first=Konstantin |last=Simonchik|url=https://www.biometricupdate.com/202405/video-injection-attacks-what-is-that-and-the-way-forward |access-date=2025-01-02 |website=Biometric Update}} The technique is used as part of know your customer checks in financial services{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2022/5/18/23092964/deepfake-attack-facial-recognition-liveness-test-banks-sensity-report|title=Liveness tests used by banks to verify ID are "extremely vulnerable" to deepfake attacks|first=James|last=Vincent|date=May 18, 2022|website=The Verge}} and during facial age estimation.{{Cite journal|last1=Omran|first1=N|last2=Alrayes|first2=M|last3=Khlifa|first3=Z|last4=Alfagi|first4=A|title=Real-Time Liveness Detection Algorithm Based on Eyes Detection and Utilize Age Estimation Technique to Build a Controllable Environment|url=https://www.stcrs.com.ly/istj/docs/volumes/Real%20Time%20Liveness.pdf|journal=International Science and Technology Journal|volume=30|date=July 2022}}

Other forms of liveness test include checking for a pulse when using a fingerprint scanner{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/identity-proofing-and-verification-of-an-individual/how-to-prove-and-verify-someones-identity|title=How to prove and verify someone's identity|website=GOV.UK}} or checking that a person's voice is not a recording or artifically generated during speaker recognition.{{Cite journal|url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s11042-021-11150-1|title=Detection of speaker liveness with CNN isolated word ASR for verification systems|first1=Martina|last1=Slivova|first2=Miroslav|last2=Voznak|first3=Jaromir|last3=Tovarek|first4=Pavol|last4=Partila|date=March 1, 2022|journal=Multimedia Tools Appl.|volume=81|issue=7|pages=9445–9457|via=ACM Digital Library|doi=10.1007/s11042-021-11150-1}}