marcelling

Accounts vary about the invention of the style, but Marcel Grateau (October 18, 1852 – May 31, 1936) is widely credited with inventing the hair styling technique in the 1870s (differing accounts report 1872 or 1875).{{harvnb|Sherrow|2006|page = [https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofha0000sher/page/257 257]}}{{cite book | last = Vetica | first = Robert | title = Good to Great Hair: Celebrity Hairstyling Techniques Made Simple | publisher = Fair Winds Press | location = Beverly, Mass | year = 2009 | isbn = 978-1-59233-357-8 | page = [https://archive.org/details/goodtogreathairc0000veti/page/77 77] | url = https://archive.org/details/goodtogreathairc0000veti/page/77 }}{{cite web|url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/marcel|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905092436/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/marcel|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 September 2013|title=Marcel|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=2012-08-19}} The inventor and stylist emigrated to the United States and changed his name to François Marcel Woelfflé, sometimes reported as François Marcel. He was granted U.S. patents for implements for performing the technique; the first, U.S. patent 806386, entitled "Curling-Iron", was published in 1905,{{ cite patent |country=US |number=806386 |status=patent}} and the second, entitled "Hair-Waving Iron", for an electric version, under the name François Marcel, was published in 1918.{{ cite patent |country=US |number=1277739 |status=patent}} His obituary appeared under the name Francois Marcel Grateau in 1936.

• In the 1914 song "By the Beautiful Sea", the female protagonist is said to have a job marcelling hair.{{cite web | url=http://parlorsongs.com/content/b/bythebeausea-lyr.php | title=By the Beautiful Sea, Lyrics }}

• The song "Keep Young and Beautiful", popular in 1934, references the hairstyle.{{harvnb|Sherrow|2006|page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofha0000sher/page/258 258]}}

• The doo-wop group the Marcels were named after the hairstyle.{{cite book|title=Doo Wop: The Music, the Times, the Era|last1=Morrow|first1=Cousin Brucie|last2=Maloof|first2=Rich|publisher=Sterling Pub|year=2007|isbn=978-1-4027-4276-7|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/doowopmusictimes00morr/page/152 152]|url=https://archive.org/details/doowopmusictimes00morr/page/152}}{{cite web|url=http://www.uncamarvy.com/Marcels/marcels.html|title=The Marcels|first=Marv|last=Goldberg|date=2009|access-date=2012-08-19}}

• British comedian Kenny Everett portrayed an over the top French stereotype by the name of Marcel Wave in his TV series.

• In the film Some Like It Hot, actor Tony Curtis stood up his girl who complains she just had her hair marcelled.

• Permanent wave
• List of hairstyles

;Citations

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;Works cited

• {{cite book | last = Sherrow | first = Victoria | title = Encyclopedia of Hair: A Cultural History | publisher = Greenwood Press | location = Westport, Conn | year = 2006 | isbn = 0-313-33145-6|url = https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofha0000sher/}}

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{{Human hair}}

Category:Hairdressing

Category:1920s fashion

Category:African-American hair

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