medusafish
{{Short description|Family of ray-finned fishes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Selandian|0|Middle Paleocene to present}}
| image = Centrolophus niger.jpg
| image_caption = Rudderfish (Centrolophus niger)
| taxon = Centrolophidae
| display_parents = 3
| authority = Bonaparte, 1846{{cite journal | author1 = Richard van der Laan | author2 = William N. Eschmeyer | author3 = Ronald Fricke | name-list-style = amp |year=2014 | title = Family-group names of Recent fishes | url = https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3882.1.1/10480 | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 3882 | issue =2 | pages = 001–230}}
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = see text
}}
Medusafishes are a family, Centrolophidae, of scombriform ray-finned fishes. The family includes about 31 species. They are found in temperate and tropical waters throughout the world.
Young Icichthys lockingtoni specimens are abundant in the coastal waters of the north Pacific, where they are often found in association with jellyfish, which provide them with protection from predators and opportunities to scavenge the remains of the jellyfishes' meals.
The oldest known fossil member of the group known from articulated remains is Butyrumichthys from the earliest Ypresian of the Fur Formation in Denmark.{{Cite journal |last=Schrøder |first=Ane Elise |last2=Rasmussen |first2=Jan Audun |last3=Møller |first3=Peter Rask |last4=Carnevale |first4=Giorgio |date=2022-09-30 |title=Butyrumichthys henricii gen. et sp. nov.: a new stromateiform fish from the lower Eocene Fur Formation, Denmark |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2023.2171798 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |language=en |volume=42 |issue=3 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2023.2171798 |issn=0272-4634|url-access=subscription }} Slightly older fossil otoliths of the species "Mupus" sinuosus are also known from the Selandian of Denmark.{{Cite journal |last=Schwarzhans |first=Werner |date=2003-09-08 |title=Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Denmark |url=https://geusbulletin.org/index.php/geusb/article/view/4696 |journal=GEUS Bulletin |language=en |volume=2 |pages=1–96 |doi=10.34194/geusb.v2.4696 |issn=2597-2154|doi-access=free }}
Genera
The following genera are classified within the family Centrolophidae:{{FishBase family | family = Centrolophidae | month = December | year = 2019}}
- Centrolophus Lacépède, 1802
- Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859
- Icichthys Jordan & Gilbert, 1880
- Psenopsis Gill, 1862
- Schedophilus Cocco, 1839
- Seriolella Guichenot, 1848
- Tubbia Whitley, 1943
The following fossil genera are also known:
- †Agarcia Baciu & Bannikov, 2004 (Early Oligocene of Romania){{Cite journal |last=Baciu |first=Dorin Sorin |last2=Bannikov |first2=Alexandre F. |date=2004 |title=New stromateoid fishes (Perciformes, Stromateoidei) from the Lower Oligocene of Romania |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266779274_New_stromateoid_fishes_Perciformes_Stromateoidei_from_the_Lower_Oligocene_of_Romania |journal=Journal of Ichthyology |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=199-207}}
- †Butyrumichthys Schrøder, Rasmussen, Møller & Carnevale, 2022 (Early Eocene of Denmark)
- †Petrodavia Baciu & Bannikov, 2004 (Early Oligocene of Romania)
- †Zorzinia Bannikov, 2000 (Early Eocene of Italy){{Cite web |title=PBDB Taxon |url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=353744&is_real_user=0 |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=paleobiodb.org}}
The placements of Butyrumichthys, Petrodavia, and Agarcia are tentative.
Timeline of genera
ImageSize = width:1000px height:auto barincrement:15px
PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px
Period = from:-65.5 till:10
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:-65.5
ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-65.5
TimeAxis = orientation:hor
AlignBars = justify
Colors =
#legends
id:CAR value:claret
id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0.196)
id:HER value:teal
id:HAD value:green
id:OMN value:blue
id:black value:black
id:white value:white
id:cenozoic value:rgb(0.54,0.54,0.258)
id:paleogene value:rgb(0.99,0.6,0.32)
id:paleocene value:rgb(0.99,0.65,0.37)
id:eocene value:rgb(0.99,0.71,0.42)
id:oligocene value:rgb(0.99,0.75,0.48)
id:neogene value:rgb(0.999999,0.9,0.1)
id:miocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.999999,0)
id:pliocene value:rgb(0.97,0.98,0.68)
id:quaternary value:rgb(0.98,0.98,0.5)
id:pleistocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.95,0.68)
id:holocene value:rgb(0.999,0.95,0.88)
BarData=
bar:eratop
bar:space
bar:periodtop
bar:space
bar:NAM1
bar:NAM2
bar:space
bar:period
bar:space
bar:era
PlotData=
align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25
shift:(7,-4)
bar:periodtop
from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:Paleocene
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:Eocene
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:Oligocene
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:Miocene
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:Plio.
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:Pleist.
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:H.
bar:eratop
from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:Q.
PlotData=
align:left fontsize:M mark:(line,white) width:5 anchor:till align:left
color:eocene bar:NAM1 from: -55.8 till: 0 text: Mupus
color:miocene bar:NAM2 from: -23.03 till: 0 text: Hyperoglyphe
PlotData=
align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25
bar:period
from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:Paleocene
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:Eocene
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:Oligocene
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:Miocene
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:Plio.
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:Pleist.
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:H.
bar:era
from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:Q.
Image:Icichthys lockingtoni.jpg|left]]
Image:Schedophilus medusophagus.jpg, Schedophilus medusophagus]]
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q594091}}
Category:Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte
{{Scombroidei-stub}}