mobile mapping
{{Short description|Process of collecting geospatial data from a mobile vehicle}}
File:Google_Street_View_Car_in_Honolulu.jpg Car]]
Mobile mapping is the process of collecting geospatial data from a mobile vehicle,Vitrià, et al. (2004) [https://books.google.com/books?id=P7FYs0IvbpoC&dq=mobile+mapping&pg=PA69 p.69] Retrieved June 2011. typically fitted with a range of GNSS, photographic, radar, laser, LiDAR or any number of remote sensing systems. Such systems are composed of an integrated array of time synchronised navigation sensors and imaging sensors mounted on a mobile platform.Hofmann-Wellenhof, B., et al. (2003) [https://books.google.com/books?id=losWr9UDRasC&dq=mobile+mapping&pg=PA379 p.379-380.] Retrieved June 2011. The primary output from such systems include GIS data, digital maps, and georeferenced images and video.
History
The development of direct reading georeferencing technologies opened the way for mobile mapping systems. GPS and Inertial Navigation Systems, have allowed rapid and accurate determination of position and attitude of remote sensing equipment,Tao, C. V. (2007) [https://books.google.com/books?id=tWUfPdng_o0C&dq=mobile%20mapping&pg=PA5 p.5.] Retrieved June 2011 effectively leading to direct mapping of features of interest without the need for complex post-processing of observed data.
Applications
= Aerial mobile mapping =
Traditional techniques of geo-referencing aerial photography, ground profiling radar, or Lidar are prohibitively expensive, particularly in inaccessible areas, or where the type of data collected makes interpretation of individual features difficult. Image direct georeferencing, simplifies the mapping control for large scale mapping tasks.Gao, J. (2009) [https://books.google.com/books?id=KHXSKc1bfusC&dq=mobile+mapping&pg=PA196 p.196.] Retrieved June 2011.
= Emergency response planning =
Mobile mapping systems allow rapid collection of data to allow accurate assessment of conditions on the ground.Zlatanova, et al. (2008) [https://books.google.com/books?id=m-2RMTpe7WEC&dq=mobile+mapping&pg=PA103 p.103.] Retrieved June 2011.
= Internet applications =
Internet, and mobile device users, are increasingly utilising geo-spatial information, either in the form of mapping, or geo-referenced imaging. Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo have adapted both aerial photographs and satellite images to develop online mapping systems. Street View type images are also an increasing market.Tao, C.V. (2007) [https://books.google.com/books?id=tWUfPdng_o0C&dq=mobile%20mapping&pg=PR13 p.xiii.] Retrieved June 2011.
Location aware PDA systems rely on geo-referenced features collated from mobile mapping sources.Weng, Q. (2009) [https://books.google.com/books?id=VtXSBy4-UH0C&dq=mobile+mapping&pg=PA70 p.70.] Retrieved June 2011.
= Road mapping and highway facility management =
GPS combined with digital camera systems allow rapid update of road maps.Tao, C.V. (2009) [https://books.google.com/books?id=KHXSKc1bfusC&dq=mobile+mapping&pg=PA614 p.614.] Retrieved June 2011.
Hammoudi et al. (2013) [https://doi.org/10.5772%2F56570 p.10.] Retrieved November 2018.
The same system can be utilised to carry out efficient road condition surveys,Zlatanova, et al. (2008) [https://books.google.com/books?id=m-2RMTpe7WEC&dq=mobile+mapping&pg=PA113 p.113.] Retrieved June 2011. and facilities management.Gavrilova, M.L. (2006) [https://books.google.com/books?id=WsTq5xvLKiEC&dq=mobile+mapping&pg=PA996 p.996-1001.] Retrieved June 2011. Laser scanning technologies, applied in the mobile mapping sense, allow full 3D data collection of slope, bankings, etc.van Oosterom, P. (2008) [https://books.google.com/books?id=j5Vt4W69YfAC&dq=mobile+mapping&pg=PA8 p.8.] Retrieved June 2011
= Road Inventory and Asset Management =
Mobile LiDAR with a digital imaging system is being used to gather data which after post-processing generates strip plan, horizontal and vertical profile, all other asset within and beyond ROW including abutting land use and deficient geometry. This also calls for riding quality of pavement, Existing Traffic Characteristics and capacity of the corridor, Speed-flow-density analysis, Road Safety Review of the Corridor, Junction, and median opening, Facilities for commercial vehicles. Thus all data being used to form a performance matrix help identifying the gaps in corridor efficiency for prioritization of interventions to improve corridor efficiency.
= Digital Twins applications =
Mobile mapping combined with indoor mapping are being used in creation of digital twins.Digital twin#cite note-:4-1 These digital twins can be a single building or an entire city or country. Several [https://urbanexplorer.com.my mobile mapping companies], known as "Maker of Digital Twins" are embarking on capturing the digital twins market amid the growing trend among organizations and governments that are adopting digital twins for Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence applications within the Industrial Revolution 4.0 framework.
Footnotes
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References
- Tao, C. V. (2007) Advances in mobile mapping technology: Volume 4 of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing book series. Taylor & Francis. {{ISBN|0-415-42723-1}}
- Gao, J. (2009) Digital Analysis of Remotely Sensed Imagery. McGraw Hill Professional. {{ISBN|0-07-160465-0}}.
- Zlatanova, S. & Li, J. (2008) Geospatial Information Technology for Emergency Response: Volume 6 of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing book series. Routledge. {{ISBN|0-415-42247-7}}.
- Hammoudi, K. et al. (2013) A Synergistic Approach for Recovering Occlusion-Free Textured 3D Maps of Urban Facades from Heterogeneous Cartographic Data. https://doi.org/10.5772/56570
- van Oosterom, Peter (2008) Advances in 3D geoinformation systems: Lecture notes in geoinformation and cartography. Springer. {{ISBN|3-540-72134-7}}.
- Hofmann-Wellenhof, B., Legat, K., Wieser, M. (2003) Navigation: principles of positioning and guidance Springer. {{ISBN|3-211-00828-4}}.
- Vitrià, J., Radeva, P., Aguiló, I. (2004) Recent advances in artificial intelligence research and development: Volume 113 of Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications. IOS Press. {{ISBN|1-58603-466-9}}.
- Gavrilova, M.L. (2006) Computational science and its applications: ICCSA 2006 : international conference, Glasgow, UK, May 8–11, 2006 : proceedings. Springer. {{ISBN|3-540-34072-6}}.
- Weng, Q. (2009) Remote Sensing and GIS Integration: Theories, Methods, and Applications McGraw Hill Professional. {{ISBN|0-07-160653-X}}.
Category:Applications of computer vision