muiñeira
{{short description|Galician traditional dance and musical genre}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
The muiñeira (Galician: muiñeira, Castilian and Asturian: muñeira) is a traditional dance and musical genre of Galicia and some parts of Asturias (Spain). It is distinguished mainly by its expressive and lively tempo, played usually in Time signature, although some variants are performed in other time signatures. There are also variant types of muiñeira which remain in the tempo of {{music|time|6|8}} but which displace the accent in different ways. {{Citation needed|date=July 2011}} Muiñeira is associated with traditional choreographic schemes and the associated instrumentation is a form of bagpipe known as a gaita. It is subject to highly varied interpretation in differing local traditions. According to "Galicia-The Spanish Cousins", an article on Roots World,[http://www.rootsworld.com/celtic/galicia.html RootsWorld: Galicia – the Spanish Cousins] muiñeira is the Galician "equivalent" of a jig, which is consistent with the time signature of {{music|time|6|8}}. The word "muiñeira" (the same pronunciation in Portuguese, but spelled "moinheira") means literally both millstone and a mill landlady (or the miller's wife, if a man). Galician music is classified as part of Celtic music.
Characteristics of the muiñeira
It is a dance of playful character, with a social component expressing gallantry. It is somewhat more permissive of improvisation than other folk dances; improvised in fiestas and exhibitions. Some interpreters {{Citation needed|date=July 2011}} have added increased complexity to its traditional choreography.
It is played at a fast tempo. Dancers often form a circle or parallel threes. Often jumps are incorporated, synchronized with percussion accompaniment: a snare-drum known as the tamboril (a wooden natural-skinned drum with gut snares), and the bombo, a bass drum.
Examples of the genre recommended by native Galician commentatorsGalatian language CCL 2.0 editors at Galician Wikipedia include ' ' Muiñeira de Chantada' ' and to ' ' Muiñeira de Lugo' '.
Notable performers
=Carlos Núñez=
According to RootsWorld[http://www.rootsworld.com/ RootsWorld home page]"the most prominent gaita virtuoso in Galicia, and one of the world's best, is Carlos Núñez. He often tours and records with The Chieftains, who consider him an auxiliary member of the group". Núñez performed a "Muneira de Chantada" with the Chieftains in early 2008, which featured Irish foot dancing.Roughly translated, it says: like the Druids of Britain we asked to him to God or the Gods that dance of the happiness immersed in that state forever in one eternal celebration, by the pipe of Peace, culture and love.[http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Ethnography_of_Fiddle/Celtic_Mu%C3%B1eira_of_Castillian_Galicia#Additional_References]
=Susana Seivane=
Susana Seivane Hoyo (born 25 August 1976) is a Galician gaita (bagpipes) player born in Barcelona, Spain, into a family of well-known Galician luthiers and musicians, the Seivane family, whose workshop is the Obradoiro de Gaitas Seivane. She started her musical career at the age of three. Guided by her father Álvaro Seivane and influenced by skilled bagpipers such as her grandfather Xosé Manuel Seivane, Ricardo Portela and Moxenas, she is notable in the bagpipe world and the world of traditional Galician music. She synthesizes the "enxebre" style of the ancient bagpipers while creating her own style including other musical influences.
Instrumentation
Galician bagpipes come in three main varieties, though there are exceptions and unique instruments. These include the tumbal (B-flat), grileira (D) and redonda (C). Asturian bagpipes are usually played along with a tambor (snare drum). Asturian bagpipes usually have only one drone and follow a different fingering pattern. Tunes using the gaita are usually songs, with the voice either accompanying the instrumentation or taking turns with it.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Additional references
- Cronshaw, Andrew. "Celtic Iberia". 2001. In Mathieson, Kenny (Ed.), Celtic music, pp. 140–175. Backbeat Books. {{ISBN|0-87930-623-8}}
- [http://www.celticmusicbase.com Celtic Music Base], large biographical directory of Celtic musicians.
External links
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0BvpO8IghYw Video: " Muiñeira de Fraga"], video in YouTube.
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvI-UWlkL0U Video: " Muiñeira de Chantada" interpreted with frauta], video in * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ke9k06YyICg Video: " Ribeirana cantada"], video in YouTube.
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I46PEE6i3ts Video: " Muiñeira de Poio" /" Muiñeira de Ourense"], by Carlos Núñez and Liam O' Flynn
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v43ZZARVo9w Aniversario, Teatro Avenida]
{{Music of Spain}}
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Category:Music of Spain by autonomous community
Category:Performing arts pages with videographic documentation