obstructive uropathy
{{Short description|Blockage of urine flow}}
{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name = Obstructive uropathy
| image =
| caption =
|
| pronounce =
| field =
| synonyms =
| symptoms =
| complications =
| onset =
| duration =
| types =
| causes =
| risks =
| diagnosis =
| differential =
| prevention =
| treatment =
| medication =
| prognosis =
| frequency =
| deaths =
}}
Obstructive uropathy is a structural or functional hindrance of normal urine flow,Definition: [https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000507.htm/ obstructive uropathy from Online Medical Dictionary.] sometimes leading to renal dysfunction (obstructive nephropathy).
It is a very broad term, and does not imply a location or cause.
Presentation
Symptoms, less likely in chronic obstruction, are pain radiating to the T11 to T12 dermatomes, anuria, nocturia, or polyuria.{{cn|date=April 2021}}
Causes
It can be caused by a lesion at any point in the urinary tract.{{Cite book | author=Kumar, Vinay | author2=Fausto, Nelson | author3=Fausto, Nelso | author4=Robbins, Stanley L. | author5=Abbas, Abul K. | author6=Cotran, Ramzi S. | title=Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease | year=2005 | edition=7th| publisher=Elsevier Saunders | location=Philadelphia, Pa. | isbn=978-0-7216-0187-8 | pages=1012}}
Causes include urolithiasis,{{cite journal |vauthors=Tsai PJ, Lin JT, Wu TT, Tsai CC |title=Ureterosciatic hernia causes obstructive uropathy |journal=J Chin Med Assoc |volume=71 |issue=9 |pages=491–3 |date=September 2008 |pmid=18818145 |doi= 10.1016/S1726-4901(08)70155-2|url=http://ajws.elsevier.com/ajws_pubmed/pubmed_switch.asp?journal_issn=1726-4901&art_pub_year=2008&%20art_pub_month=09&art_pub_vol=71&art_sp=491 |doi-access=free }} {{dead link|date=May 2010}} posterior urethral valves and ureteral herniation.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on results of bladder catheterization, ultrasonography, CT scan, cystourethroscopy, or pyelography, depending on the level of obstruction.{{cn|date=April 2021}}
Treatment
Treatment, depending on cause, may require prompt drainage of the bladder via catheterization, medical instrumentation, surgery (e.g., endoscopy, lithotripsy), hormonal therapy, or a combination of these modalities.{{cn|date=April 2021}}
Treatment of the obstruction at the level of the ureter:
:* Open surgery.
:* Less invasive treatment: laparoscopic correction.
:* Minimal invasive treatment: Overtoom procedure:[http://www.overtoomballoon.com/attachments/article/4/Artikel%20AJR%20april%202009.pdf Treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction using a detachable inflatable stent: initial experience] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109113917/http://www.overtoomballoon.com/attachments/article/4/Artikel%20AJR%20april%202009.pdf |date=2014-01-09 }} by Timotheus T C Overtoom, Peter L Vijverberg, Hendrik W van Es, Sandrine van Selm, Hans P M van Heesewijk dilatation with cutting balloon catheter followed by introduction of the pyeloplasty balloon catheter.{{Cite web|url=http://www.overtoomballoon.com|title=Overtoom balloon|website=www.overtoomballoon.com|access-date=2016-10-15}} This balloon is inflated with pure contrast agent via the pusher and remains in situ in the ureter to keep the previous treated stricture dilated while the expanded urothelium heals. Urine can drain through the central channel of this catheter.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Medical resources
| DiseasesDB =
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|N|13||n|10}}
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|599.60}}
| ICDO =
| OMIM =
| MedlinePlus = 000507
| eMedicineSubj = radio
| eMedicineTopic = 804
| MeshID =
}}
{{Urinary tract disease}}