ordinary chondrite
{{short description|Class of stony meteorites}}
{{Infobox meteorite subdivision
|Subdivision = Class
|Name = Ordinary chondrite
|Alternative_names = O chondrites
|Image = NWA869Meteorite.jpg
|Image_caption = Ordinary chondrite NWA 869
|Image_alt_text =
|Compositional_type = Stony
|Type = Chondrite
|Structural_classification =
|Parent_body = unknown
|Composition =
|Petrologic_type =
|Number_of_specimens =
|TKW =
|Image2 =
|Image2_caption =
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}}
File:Ordinary chondrite NWA 3189 Meteorite.jpg
File:Ordinary chondrite (Ochansk Meteorite).jpg
The ordinary chondrites (sometimes called the O chondrites) are a class of stony chondritic meteorites. They are by far the most numerous group, comprising 87% of all finds.{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/metcat/search/metsPerGroup.dsml|title=The Catalogue of Meteorites|date=2022 |publisher=Natural History Museum|doi=10.5519/tqfuwle7 |access-date=28 May 2020 |last1=Grady |first1=Monica |chapter=Meteorites }} Hence, they have been dubbed "ordinary". The ordinary chondrites are thought to have originated from three parent asteroids, with the fragments making up the H chondrite, L chondrite and LL chondrite groups respectively. David Kring (21 November 2013). "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BNkS1uHUbq8&t=34m39s Asteroid Initiative Workshop Cosmic Explorations Speakers Session]". NASA (via YouTube). Retrieved 16 February 2019.
Origin
It is suspected that they are not representative of typical asteroid parent bodies, but rather of a select few which are advantageously placed to send impact fragments to Earth-crossing orbits. Such positions are e.g.
near Kirkwood gaps and/or secular resonances in the main asteroid belt. In fact, only the one rather insignificant asteroid 3628 Božněmcová has been identified to have a spectrum close to the ordinary chondrites.
A probable parent body of the H chondrites (comprising about 46% of the ordinary chondrites) is 6 Hebe, but its spectrum is dissimilar due to what is likely a metal impact melt component.{{cite journal |bibcode=1998M&PS...33.1281G |first1=M. J. |last1=Gaffey |first2=S. L. |last2=Gilbert |title=Asteroid 6 Hebe: The probable parent body of the H-Type ordinary chondrites and the IIE iron meteorites |journal=Meteoritics & Planetary Science |volume=33 |pages=1281–1295 |year=1998 |issue=6 |doi=10.1111/j.1945-5100.1998.tb01312.x |doi-access=free }}
It is likely that the ordinary chondrites comprise a detailed sample of but a few select asteroids which happen to have been in the right place at the right time to send many fragments toward Earth at the present moment in solar system history. On the other hand, observations of 243 Ida by the Galileo spacecraft found weathering of Ida's surface, and the reflection spectra of freshly exposed parts of the surface resembled that of OC meteorites, while the older regions matched the spectra of common S-type asteroids.
Chemical composition
The ordinary chondrites comprise three mineralogically and chemically distinct groupings. They differ in the amount of total iron, of iron metal and iron oxide in the silicates:{{Cite web|url=http://www.meteorite.fr/en/classification/ordinarychon.htm|title= Classification – Stony Meteorites – Ordinary tauch.Chondrites|website=www.meteorite.fr|access-date=10 August 2017}}
- The H chondrites have the Highest total iron, high metal, but lower iron oxide (Fa{{clarify|undefined abbreviation?|date=March 2025}}) in the silicates
- The L chondrites have Lower total iron, lower metal, but higher iron oxide (Fa) in the silicates
- The LL chondrites have Low total iron and Low metal, but the highest iron oxide content (Fa) in the silicates
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{commons category|Ordinary chondrites}}
- [http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/space/meteorites-dust/science-meteoritecatalogue/index.html The Catalogue of Meteorites]
- [http://www.meteorites.com.au/collection/chondrites.html A Pictorial of Ordinary Chondrites] - Meteorites Australia
- [https://www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/sets/72157646019612971/detail/ Gallery of Ordinary Chondrites] by James St. John, a geologist at Ohio State University
{{Meteorites}}