orientation character

In algebraic topology, a branch of mathematics, an orientation character on a group $\pi$ is a group homomorphism to the group of two elements

: $\omega\colon \pi \to \left\{\pm 1\right\}$ ,

where typically $\pi$ is the fundamental group of a manifold. This notion is of particular significance in surgery theory.

Motivation

Given a manifold M, one takes $\pi=\pi_1( M)$ (the fundamental group), and then $\omega$ sends an element of $\pi$ to $-1$ if and only if the class it represents is orientation-reversing.

This map $\omega$ is trivial if and only if M is orientable.

The orientation character is an algebraic structure on the fundamental group of a manifold, which captures which loops are orientation reversing and which are orientation preserving.

Twisted group algebra

The orientation character defines a twisted involution (*-ring structure) on the group ring $\mathbf{Z}[\pi]$ , by $g \mapsto \omega(g)g^{-1}$ (i.e., $\pm g^{-1}$ , accordingly as $g$ is orientation preserving or reversing). This is denoted $\mathbf{Z}[\pi]^\omega$ .

Examples

In real projective spaces, the orientation character evaluates trivially on loops if the dimension is odd, and assigns -1 to noncontractible loops in even dimension.

Properties

The orientation character is either trivial or has kernel an index 2 subgroup, which determines the map completely.

==See also==

References

External links

[http://www.map.mpim-bonn.mpg.de/Orientation_character Orientation character] at the Manifold Atlas

Category:Geometric topology

Category:Group theory

Category:Morphisms

Category:Surgery theory