pandama
{{Short description|Mandaean mouth-veil}}
{{Infobox clothing type
| name = Pandama
| image_file = Tarmida Sahi Bashikh pandama.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Tarmida Sahi Bashikh wearing a pandama (mouth veil) as he reads Mandaean prayers at Yahya Yuhana Mandi during Parwanaya 2025
| type = mouth-veil
| material = cotton cloth
| location = southern Iraq and southwestern Iran
| manufacturer =
| url =
}}
The pandama ({{langx|myz|ࡐࡀࡍࡃࡀࡌࡀ}}) is a mouth-veil worn by Mandaean priests while performing baptismal ceremonial rituals. It is the loose end of the burzinqa (turban) and is wrapped around the mouth and lower face.{{cite book |title=The Mandaean Rasta: Its Making and Wearing |first=Majid Fandi |last=Al-Mubaraki |first2=Zaid |last2=Al-Mubaraki |first3=Brian |last3=AlMubaraki |date=2000 |location=Northbridge, New South Wales |isbn=0-9585705-6-6 |oclc=50163136}} The pandama also protects the face from water during masbuta rituals.{{cite book|last=Buckley|first=Jorunn Jacobsen|title=The Mandaeans: ancient texts and modern people|url=http://mandaeannetwork.com/Mandaean/books/english/2The_Mandaeans_Ancient_Texts_and_Modern_People_American_Academy_of_Religion_Books_Jorunn_Jacobsen_Buckley.pdf?bcsi_scan_955b0cd764557e80=0&bcsi_scan_filename=2The_Mandaeans_Ancient_Texts_and_Modern_People_American_Academy_of_Religion_Books_Jorunn_Jacobsen_Buckley.pdf|publisher=Oxford University Press|publication-place=New York|year=2002|isbn=0-19-515385-5|oclc=65198443}} The pandama is worn only by officiating priests, not by Mandaean laymen.
In the ''Qulasta''
{{further|List of Qulasta prayers}}
Several prayers in the Qulasta are recited when putting on and loosening the pandama, including prayers 7 and 55.{{Cite book|title=The Canonical Prayerbook of the Mandaeans|last=Drower|first=E. S.|publisher=E. J. Brill|year=1959|location=Leiden}}
Symbolism
According to Shahram Ebadfardzadeh, an Iranian-American yalufa (learned Mandaean layperson) in San Antonio, Texas, United States, "when the priest officiates, he is an angel, and his lower face must not be seen, but covered up."{{cite book|last=Buckley|first=Jorunn Jacobsen|title=1800 Years of Encounters with Mandaeans|date=2023|location=Piscataway, NJ|publisher=Gorgias Press|series=Gorgias Mandaean Studies|volume=5|issn=1935-441X|isbn=978-1-4632-4132-2}}{{rp|29}}
See also
References
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{{Folk costume}}
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Category:Mandaic words and phrases
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