percale
{{Short description|Closely woven plain-weave fabric}}
{{use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
File:Textile, 19th century (CH 18569189).jpg" (19th century). Four designs framed by plant forms in raspberry on an off-white percale.]]
PercaleHow India clothed the world: the world of South Asian textiles, 1500–1850, volume 4 of Global Economic History series, p. 440, Giorgio Riello, Tirthankar Roy, Om Prakash, published by Brill, 2009, {{ISBN|978-90-04-17653-9}}. is a closely woven plain-weave fabric often used for bed covers. Percale has a thread count of about 180 or higher and is noticeably tighter than twill or sateen. It has medium weight, is firm and smooth with no gloss, and washes very well. It is made from both carded and combed yarns, and may be woven of various fibers, such as cotton, polyester, or various blends.[https://web.archive.org/web/20080113152355/http://www.dotmaison.com/magazine/fabrics-glossary/ "Fabric Glossary"]. Dotmaison magazine.
History
Moris or mauris was the 18th-century French term used for percale, the cloth imported from India.{{Cite book|last=Wellington|first=Donald C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0dkVAQAAMAAJ&q=Moris+fabric|title=French East India Companies: A Historical Account and Record of Trade|date=2006|publisher=Hamilton Books|isbn=978-0-7618-3475-5|pages=223|language=en}}{{Cite book|last=Wingate|first=Isabel Barnum|url=https://archive.org/details/fairchildsdictio00wing|title=Fairchild's dictionary of textiles|date=1979|publisher=New York : Fairchild Publications|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-87005-198-2|pages=378}} It was a cotton cloth. Moris was the third most exported fabric from Coromandel Coast after Longcloth and Salampore. It was superior and finer quality than the peers. Coromandel coastline forms a part of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. Moris was produced at Nellore, Arni, Maduranthakam, and Cuddalore. Palakollu. The cloth was famous as painted chintz in southeast countries also.{{Cite book|last1=Arasaratnam|first1=Sinnappah|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QbiGAAAAIAAJ&q=Moris+cloth+woven|title=Merchants, Companies, and Commerce on the Coromandel Coast, 1650-1740|last2=Arasaratnam|first2=Professor and Head of Department of History Sinnappah|last3=Arasaratnam|first3=Maritime History Scholar and Professor of Indian History S.|date=1986|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-561873-0|pages=99, 52, 340|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXUPAQAAMAAJ&q=moris+coromandel|title=Journal of Indian History|date=2007|publisher=Department of Modern Indian History|pages=23|language=en}}{{Cite book|last=Amrith|first=Sunil S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8eWwAAAAQBAJ&dq=moris+coromandel&pg=PA53|title=Crossing the Bay of Bengal|date=2013-10-07|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-72846-2|pages=53|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=niuwCQAAQBAJ&dq=moris+cloth+india&pg=PA289|title=How India Clothed the World: The World of South Asian Textiles, 1500-1850|date=2009-07-31|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-474-2997-5|pages=289|language=en}}
Percale was formerly imported from India in the 17th and 18th centuries,{{cite book | editor=Jennifer Speake | editor-link=Jennifer Speake | chapter-url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t33.e5225 | chapter=percale, noun | title=The Oxford Essential Dictionary of Foreign Terms in English | publisher=Berkley Books | year=1999 |website=Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press | access-date=18 December 2007}} then manufactured in France."percale, n. and adj.", Draft Revision Dec. 2005, Oxford English Dictionary
Etymology
The word may originate from the {{langx|fa|پرگاله}} : pargālah, meaning rag,"percale", The American Heritage Dictionaries, at [http://www.answers.com/percale&r=67 answers.com]A comprehensive Persian-English dictionary: including the Arabic words and phrases to be met with in Persian literature, being, Johnson and Richardson's Persian, Arabic, and English dictionary, revised, enlarged, and entirely reconstructed, The World's Most Detailed and Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary, Francis Joseph Steingass, Asian Educational Services, 1992. {{ISBN|978-81-206-0670-8}} although the Oxford English Dictionary (as of December 2005) has traced it only as far as 18th-century French. The dictionary of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans describes {{lang|mis|pexal}} and {{lang|mis|perxal}} as some kind of silk fabric in the year 1348 in Valencia.Diccionari Aguiló: materials lexicogràfics / aplegats per Marià Aguiló i Fuster; revisats i publicats sota la cura de Pompeu Fabra i Manuel de Montoliu, page 134, Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Barcelona 1929. The etymological dictionary of Catalan explains {{lang|mis|perxal}} as derived from Perche in France.Diccionari etimològic i complementari de la llengua catalana: O-Qu.- 1986, cop. 1985.- 977 p, page 464, Joan Corominas, Joseph Gulsoy, Max Cahner, Curial Edicions Catalanes, 1995. {{ISBN|978-84-7256-276-9}}
See also
References
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